/* * $Id: blkmtd.c,v 1.24 2004/11/16 18:29:01 dwmw2 Exp $ * * blkmtd.c - use a block device as a fake MTD * * Author: Simon Evans * * Copyright (C) 2001,2002 Simon Evans * * Licence: GPL * * How it works: * The driver uses raw/io to read/write the device and the page * cache to cache access. Writes update the page cache with the * new data and mark it dirty and add the page into a BIO which * is then written out. * * It can be loaded Read-Only to prevent erases and writes to the * medium. * */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #define err(format, arg...) printk(KERN_ERR "blkmtd: " format "\n" , ## arg) #define info(format, arg...) printk(KERN_INFO "blkmtd: " format "\n" , ## arg) #define warn(format, arg...) printk(KERN_WARNING "blkmtd: " format "\n" , ## arg) #define crit(format, arg...) printk(KERN_CRIT "blkmtd: " format "\n" , ## arg) /* Default erase size in K, always make it a multiple of PAGE_SIZE */ #define CONFIG_MTD_BLKDEV_ERASESIZE (128 << 10) /* 128KiB */ #define VERSION "$Revision: 1.24 $" /* Info for the block device */ struct blkmtd_dev { struct list_head list; struct block_device *blkdev; struct mtd_info mtd_info; struct semaphore wrbuf_mutex; }; /* Static info about the MTD, used in cleanup_module */ static LIST_HEAD(blkmtd_device_list); static void blkmtd_sync(struct mtd_info *mtd); #define MAX_DEVICES 4 /* Module parameters passed by insmod/modprobe */ static char *device[MAX_DEVICES]; /* the block device to use */ static int erasesz[MAX_DEVICES]; /* optional default erase size */ static int ro[MAX_DEVICES]; /* optional read only flag */ static int sync; MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); MODULE_AUTHOR("Simon Evans "); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Emulate an MTD using a block device"); module_param_array(device, charp, NULL, 0); MODULE_PARM_DESC(device, "block device to use"); module_param_array(erasesz, int, NULL, 0); MODULE_PARM_DESC(erasesz, "optional erase size to use in KiB. eg 4=4KiB."); module_param_array(ro, bool, NULL, 0); MODULE_PARM_DESC(ro, "1=Read only, writes and erases cause errors"); module_param(sync, bool, 0); MODULE_PARM_DESC(sync, "1=Synchronous writes"); /* completion handler for BIO reads */ static int bi_read_complete(struct bio *bio, unsigned int bytes_done, int error) { if (bio->bi_size) return 1; complete((struct completion*)bio->bi_private); return 0; } /* completion handler for BIO writes */ static int bi_write_complete(struct bio *bio, unsigned int bytes_done, int error) { const int uptodate = test_bit(BIO_UPTODATE, &bio->bi_flags); struct bio_vec *bvec = bio->bi_io_vec + bio->bi_vcnt - 1; if (bio->bi_size) return 1; if(!uptodate) err("bi_write_complete: not uptodate\n"); do { struct page *page = bvec->bv_page; DEBUG(3, "Cleaning up page %ld\n", page->index); if (--bvec >= bio->bi_io_vec) prefetchw(&bvec->bv_page->flags); if (uptodate) { SetPageUptodate(page); } else { ClearPageUptodate(page); SetPageError(page); } ClearPageDirty(page); unlock_page(page); page_cache_release(page); } while (bvec >= bio->bi_io_vec); complete((struct completion*)bio->bi_private); return 0; } /* read one page from the block device */ static int blkmtd_readpage(struct blkmtd_dev *dev, struct page *page) { struct bio *bio; struct completion event; int err = -ENOMEM; if(PageUptodate(page)) { DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: readpage page %ld is already upto date\n", page->index); unlock_page(page); return 0; } ClearPageUptodate(page); ClearPageError(page); bio = bio_alloc(GFP_KERNEL, 1); if(bio) { init_completion(&event); bio->bi_bdev = dev->blkdev; bio->bi_sector = page->index << (PAGE_SHIFT-9); bio->bi_private = &event; bio->bi_end_io = bi_read_complete; if(bio_add_page(bio, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0) == PAGE_SIZE) { submit_bio(READ_SYNC, bio); wait_for_completion(&event); err = test_bit(BIO_UPTODATE, &bio->bi_flags) ? 0 : -EIO; bio_put(bio); } } if(err) SetPageError(page); else SetPageUptodate(page); flush_dcache_page(page); unlock_page(page); return err; } /* write out the current BIO and wait for it to finish */ static int blkmtd_write_out(struct bio *bio) { struct completion event; int err; if(!bio->bi_vcnt) { bio_put(bio); return 0; } init_completion(&event); bio->bi_private = &event; bio->bi_end_io = bi_write_complete; submit_bio(WRITE_SYNC, bio); wait_for_completion(&event); DEBUG(3, "submit_bio completed, bi_vcnt = %d\n", bio->bi_vcnt); err = test_bit(BIO_UPTODATE, &bio->bi_flags) ? 0 : -EIO; bio_put(bio); return err; } /** * blkmtd_add_page - add a page to the current BIO * @bio: bio to add to (NULL to alloc initial bio) * @blkdev: block device * @page: page to add * @pagecnt: pages left to add * * Adds a page to the current bio, allocating it if necessary. If it cannot be * added, the current bio is written out and a new one is allocated. Returns * the new bio to add or NULL on error */ static struct bio *blkmtd_add_page(struct bio *bio, struct block_device *blkdev, struct page *page, int pagecnt) { retry: if(!bio) { bio = bio_alloc(GFP_KERNEL, pagecnt); if(!bio) return NULL; bio->bi_sector = page->index << (PAGE_SHIFT-9); bio->bi_bdev = blkdev; } if(bio_add_page(bio, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0) != PAGE_SIZE) { blkmtd_write_out(bio); bio = NULL; goto retry; } return bio; } /** * write_pages - write block of data to device via the page cache * @dev: device to write to * @buf: data source or NULL if erase (output is set to 0xff) * @to: offset into output device * @len: amount to data to write * @retlen: amount of data written * * Grab pages from the page cache and fill them with the source data. * Non page aligned start and end result in a readin of the page and * part of the page being modified. Pages are added to the bio and then written * out. */ static int write_pages(struct blkmtd_dev *dev, const u_char *buf, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen) { int pagenr, offset; size_t start_len = 0, end_len; int pagecnt = 0; int err = 0; struct bio *bio = NULL; size_t thislen = 0; pagenr = to >> PAGE_SHIFT; offset = to & ~PAGE_MASK; DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: write_pages: buf = %p to = %ld len = %zd pagenr = %d offset = %d\n", buf, (long)to, len, pagenr, offset); /* see if we have to do a partial write at the start */ if(offset) { start_len = ((offset + len) > PAGE_SIZE) ? PAGE_SIZE - offset : len; len -= start_len; } /* calculate the length of the other two regions */ end_len = len & ~PAGE_MASK; len -= end_len; if(start_len) pagecnt++; if(len) pagecnt += len >> PAGE_SHIFT; if(end_len) pagecnt++; down(&dev->wrbuf_mutex); DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: write: start_len = %zd len = %zd end_len = %zd pagecnt = %d\n", start_len, len, end_len, pagecnt); if(start_len) { /* do partial start region */ struct page *page; DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: write: doing partial start, page = %d len = %zd offset = %d\n", pagenr, start_len, offset); BUG_ON(!buf); page = read_cache_page(dev->blkdev->bd_inode->i_mapping, pagenr, (filler_t *)blkmtd_readpage, dev); lock_page(page); if(PageDirty(page)) { err("to = %lld start_len = %zd len = %zd end_len = %zd pagenr = %d\n", to, start_len, len, end_len, pagenr); BUG(); } memcpy(page_address(page)+offset, buf, start_len); SetPageDirty(page); SetPageUptodate(page); buf += start_len; thislen = start_len; bio = blkmtd_add_page(bio, dev->blkdev, page, pagecnt); if(!bio) { err = -ENOMEM; err("bio_add_page failed\n"); goto write_err; } pagecnt--; pagenr++; } /* Now do the main loop to a page aligned, n page sized output */ if(len) { int pagesc = len >> PAGE_SHIFT; DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: write: whole pages start = %d, count = %d\n", pagenr, pagesc); while(pagesc) { struct page *page; /* see if page is in the page cache */ DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: write: grabbing page %d from page cache\n", pagenr); page = grab_cache_page(dev->blkdev->bd_inode->i_mapping, pagenr); if(PageDirty(page)) { BUG(); } if(!page) { warn("write: cannot grab cache page %d", pagenr); err = -ENOMEM; goto write_err; } if(!buf) { memset(page_address(page), 0xff, PAGE_SIZE); } else { memcpy(page_address(page), buf, PAGE_SIZE); buf += PAGE_SIZE; } bio = blkmtd_add_page(bio, dev->blkdev, page, pagecnt); if(!bio) { err = -ENOMEM; err("bio_add_page failed\n"); goto write_err; } pagenr++; pagecnt--; SetPageDirty(page); SetPageUptodate(page); pagesc--; thislen += PAGE_SIZE; } } if(end_len) { /* do the third region */ struct page *page; DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: write: doing partial end, page = %d len = %zd\n", pagenr, end_len); BUG_ON(!buf); page = read_cache_page(dev->blkdev->bd_inode->i_mapping, pagenr, (filler_t *)blkmtd_readpage, dev); lock_page(page); if(PageDirty(page)) { err("to = %lld start_len = %zd len = %zd end_len = %zd pagenr = %d\n", to, start_len, len, end_len, pagenr); BUG(); } memcpy(page_address(page), buf, end_len); SetPageDirty(page); SetPageUptodate(page); DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: write: writing out partial end\n"); thislen += end_len; bio = blkmtd_add_page(bio, dev->blkdev, page, pagecnt); if(!bio) { err = -ENOMEM; err("bio_add_page failed\n"); goto write_err; } pagenr++; } DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: write: got %d vectors to write\n", bio->bi_vcnt); write_err: if(bio) blkmtd_write_out(bio); DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: write: end, retlen = %zd, err = %d\n", *retlen, err); up(&dev->wrbuf_mutex); if(retlen) *retlen = thislen; return err; } /* erase a specified part of the device */ static int blkmtd_erase(struct mtd_info *mtd, struct erase_info *instr) { struct blkmtd_dev *dev = mtd->priv; struct mtd_erase_region_info *einfo = mtd->eraseregions; int numregions = mtd->numeraseregions; size_t from; u_long len; int err = -EIO; size_t retlen; instr->state = MTD_ERASING; from = instr->addr; len = instr->len; /* check erase region has valid start and length */ DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: erase: dev = `%s' from = 0x%zx len = 0x%lx\n", mtd->name+9, from, len); while(numregions) { DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: checking erase region = 0x%08X size = 0x%X num = 0x%x\n", einfo->offset, einfo->erasesize, einfo->numblocks); if(from >= einfo->offset && from < einfo->offset + (einfo->erasesize * einfo->numblocks)) { if(len == einfo->erasesize && ( (from - einfo->offset) % einfo->erasesize == 0)) break; } numregions--; einfo++; } if(!numregions) { /* Not a valid erase block */ err("erase: invalid erase request 0x%lX @ 0x%08zX", len, from); instr->state = MTD_ERASE_FAILED; err = -EIO; } if(instr->state != MTD_ERASE_FAILED) { /* do the erase */ DEBUG(3, "Doing erase from = %zd len = %ld\n", from, len); err = write_pages(dev, NULL, from, len, &retlen); if(err || retlen != len) { err("erase failed err = %d", err); instr->state = MTD_ERASE_FAILED; } else { instr->state = MTD_ERASE_DONE; } } DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: erase: checking callback\n"); mtd_erase_callback(instr); DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: erase: finished (err = %d)\n", err); return err; } /* read a range of the data via the page cache */ static int blkmtd_read(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t from, size_t len, size_t *retlen, u_char *buf) { struct blkmtd_dev *dev = mtd->priv; int err = 0; int offset; int pagenr, pages; size_t thislen = 0; DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: read: dev = `%s' from = %lld len = %zd buf = %p\n", mtd->name+9, from, len, buf); if(from > mtd->size) return -EINVAL; if(from + len > mtd->size) len = mtd->size - from; pagenr = from >> PAGE_SHIFT; offset = from - (pagenr << PAGE_SHIFT); pages = (offset+len+PAGE_SIZE-1) >> PAGE_SHIFT; DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: read: pagenr = %d offset = %d, pages = %d\n", pagenr, offset, pages); while(pages) { struct page *page; int cpylen; DEBUG(3, "blkmtd: read: looking for page: %d\n", pagenr); page = read_cache_page(dev->blkdev->bd_inode->i_mapping, pagenr, (filler_t *)blkmtd_readpage, dev); if(IS_ERR(page)) { err = -EIO; goto readerr; } cpylen = (PAGE_SIZE > len) ? len : PAGE_SIZE; if(offset+cpylen > PAGE_SIZE) cpylen = PAGE_SIZE-offset; memcpy(buf + thislen, page_address(page) + offset, cpylen); offset = 0; len -= cpylen; thislen += cpylen; pagenr++; pages--; if(!PageDirty(page)) page_cache_release(page); } readerr: if(retlen) *retlen = thislen; DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: end read: retlen = %zd, err = %d\n", thislen, err); return err; } /* write data to the underlying device */ static int blkmtd_write(struct mtd_info *mtd, loff_t to, size_t len, size_t *retlen, const u_char *buf) { struct blkmtd_dev *dev = mtd->priv; int err; if(!len) return 0; DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: write: dev = `%s' to = %lld len = %zd buf = %p\n", mtd->name+9, to, len, buf); if(to >= mtd->size) { return -ENOSPC; } if(to + len > mtd->size) { len = mtd->size - to; } err = write_pages(dev, buf, to, len, retlen); if(err > 0) err = 0; DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: write: end, err = %d\n", err); return err; } /* sync the device - wait until the write queue is empty */ static void blkmtd_sync(struct mtd_info *mtd) { /* Currently all writes are synchronous */ } static void free_device(struct blkmtd_dev *dev) { DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: free_device() dev = %p\n", dev); if(dev) { kfree(dev->mtd_info.eraseregions); kfree(dev->mtd_info.name); if(dev->blkdev) { invalidate_inode_pages(dev->blkdev->bd_inode->i_mapping); close_bdev_excl(dev->blkdev); } kfree(dev); } } /* For a given size and initial erase size, calculate the number * and size of each erase region. Goes round the loop twice, * once to find out how many regions, then allocates space, * then round the loop again to fill it in. */ static struct mtd_erase_region_info *calc_erase_regions( size_t erase_size, size_t total_size, int *regions) { struct mtd_erase_region_info *info = NULL; DEBUG(2, "calc_erase_regions, es = %zd size = %zd regions = %d\n", erase_size, total_size, *regions); /* Make any user specified erasesize be a power of 2 and at least PAGE_SIZE */ if(erase_size) { int es = erase_size; erase_size = 1; while(es != 1) { es >>= 1; erase_size <<= 1; } if(erase_size < PAGE_SIZE) erase_size = PAGE_SIZE; } else { erase_size = CONFIG_MTD_BLKDEV_ERASESIZE; } *regions = 0; do { int tot_size = total_size; int er_size = erase_size; int count = 0, offset = 0, regcnt = 0; while(tot_size) { count = tot_size / er_size; if(count) { tot_size = tot_size % er_size; if(info) { DEBUG(2, "adding to erase info off=%d er=%d cnt=%d\n", offset, er_size, count); (info+regcnt)->offset = offset; (info+regcnt)->erasesize = er_size; (info+regcnt)->numblocks = count; (*regions)++; } regcnt++; offset += (count * er_size); } while(er_size > tot_size) er_size >>= 1; } if(info == NULL) { info = kmalloc(regcnt * sizeof(struct mtd_erase_region_info), GFP_KERNEL); if(!info) break; } } while(!(*regions)); DEBUG(2, "calc_erase_regions done, es = %zd size = %zd regions = %d\n", erase_size, total_size, *regions); return info; } extern dev_t __init name_to_dev_t(const char *line); static struct blkmtd_dev *add_device(char *devname, int readonly, int erase_size) { struct block_device *bdev; int mode; struct blkmtd_dev *dev; if(!devname) return NULL; /* Get a handle on the device */ #ifdef MODULE mode = (readonly) ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR; bdev = open_bdev_excl(devname, mode, NULL); #else mode = (readonly) ? FMODE_READ : FMODE_WRITE; bdev = open_by_devnum(name_to_dev_t(devname), mode); #endif if(IS_ERR(bdev)) { err("error: cannot open device %s", devname); DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: opening bdev returned %ld\n", PTR_ERR(bdev)); return NULL; } DEBUG(1, "blkmtd: found a block device major = %d, minor = %d\n", MAJOR(bdev->bd_dev), MINOR(bdev->bd_dev)); if(MAJOR(bdev->bd_dev) == MTD_BLOCK_MAJOR) { err("attempting to use an MTD device as a block device"); blkdev_put(bdev); return NULL; } dev = kmalloc(sizeof(struct blkmtd_dev), GFP_KERNEL); if(dev == NULL) { blkdev_put(bdev); return NULL; } memset(dev, 0, sizeof(struct blkmtd_dev)); dev->blkdev = bdev; if(!readonly) { init_MUTEX(&dev->wrbuf_mutex); } dev->mtd_info.size = dev->blkdev->bd_inode->i_size & PAGE_MASK; /* Setup the MTD structure */ /* make the name contain the block device in */ dev->mtd_info.name = kmalloc(sizeof("blkmtd: ") + strlen(devname), GFP_KERNEL); if(dev->mtd_info.name == NULL) goto devinit_err; sprintf(dev->mtd_info.name, "blkmtd: %s", devname); dev->mtd_info.eraseregions = calc_erase_regions(erase_size, dev->mtd_info.size, &dev->mtd_info.numeraseregions); if(dev->mtd_info.eraseregions == NULL) goto devinit_err; dev->mtd_info.erasesize = dev->mtd_info.eraseregions->erasesize; DEBUG(1, "blkmtd: init: found %d erase regions\n", dev->mtd_info.numeraseregions); if(readonly) { dev->mtd_info.type = MTD_ROM; dev->mtd_info.flags = MTD_CAP_ROM; } else { dev->mtd_info.type = MTD_RAM; dev->mtd_info.flags = MTD_CAP_RAM; dev->mtd_info.erase = blkmtd_erase; dev->mtd_info.write = blkmtd_write; dev->mtd_info.writev = default_mtd_writev; dev->mtd_info.sync = blkmtd_sync; } dev->mtd_info.read = blkmtd_read; dev->mtd_info.readv = default_mtd_readv; dev->mtd_info.priv = dev; dev->mtd_info.owner = THIS_MODULE; list_add(&dev->list, &blkmtd_device_list); if (add_mtd_device(&dev->mtd_info)) { /* Device didnt get added, so free the entry */ list_del(&dev->list); goto devinit_err; } else { info("mtd%d: [%s] erase_size = %dKiB %s", dev->mtd_info.index, dev->mtd_info.name + strlen("blkmtd: "), dev->mtd_info.erasesize >> 10, readonly ? "(read-only)" : ""); } return dev; devinit_err: free_device(dev); return NULL; } /* Cleanup and exit - sync the device and kill of the kernel thread */ static void __devexit cleanup_blkmtd(void) { struct list_head *temp1, *temp2; /* Remove the MTD devices */ list_for_each_safe(temp1, temp2, &blkmtd_device_list) { struct blkmtd_dev *dev = list_entry(temp1, struct blkmtd_dev, list); blkmtd_sync(&dev->mtd_info); del_mtd_device(&dev->mtd_info); info("mtd%d: [%s] removed", dev->mtd_info.index, dev->mtd_info.name + strlen("blkmtd: ")); list_del(&dev->list); free_device(dev); } } #ifndef MODULE /* Handle kernel boot params */ static int __init param_blkmtd_device(char *str) { int i; for(i = 0; i < MAX_DEVICES; i++) { device[i] = str; DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: device setup: %d = %s\n", i, device[i]); strsep(&str, ","); } return 1; } static int __init param_blkmtd_erasesz(char *str) { int i; for(i = 0; i < MAX_DEVICES; i++) { char *val = strsep(&str, ","); if(val) erasesz[i] = simple_strtoul(val, NULL, 0); DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: erasesz setup: %d = %d\n", i, erasesz[i]); } return 1; } static int __init param_blkmtd_ro(char *str) { int i; for(i = 0; i < MAX_DEVICES; i++) { char *val = strsep(&str, ","); if(val) ro[i] = simple_strtoul(val, NULL, 0); DEBUG(2, "blkmtd: ro setup: %d = %d\n", i, ro[i]); } return 1; } static int __init param_blkmtd_sync(char *str) { if(str[0] == '1') sync = 1; return 1; } __setup("blkmtd_device=", param_blkmtd_device); __setup("blkmtd_erasesz=", param_blkmtd_erasesz); __setup("blkmtd_ro=", param_blkmtd_ro); __setup("blkmtd_sync=", param_blkmtd_sync); #endif /* Startup */ static int __init init_blkmtd(void) { int i; info("version " VERSION); /* Check args - device[0] is the bare minimum*/ if(!device[0]) { err("error: missing `device' name\n"); return -EINVAL; } for(i = 0; i < MAX_DEVICES; i++) add_device(device[i], ro[i], erasesz[i] << 10); if(list_empty(&blkmtd_device_list)) return -EINVAL; return 0; } module_init(init_blkmtd); module_exit(cleanup_blkmtd);