/* * linux/fs/ext4/balloc.c * * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr) * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI) * * Enhanced block allocation by Stephen Tweedie (sct@redhat.com), 1993 * Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by * David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995 */ #include <linux/time.h> #include <linux/capability.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/jbd2.h> #include <linux/quotaops.h> #include <linux/buffer_head.h> #include "ext4.h" #include "ext4_jbd2.h" #include "group.h" /* * balloc.c contains the blocks allocation and deallocation routines */ /* * Calculate the block group number and offset, given a block number */ void ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(struct super_block *sb, ext4_fsblk_t blocknr, ext4_group_t *blockgrpp, ext4_grpblk_t *offsetp) { struct ext4_super_block *es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es; ext4_grpblk_t offset; blocknr = blocknr - le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block); offset = do_div(blocknr, EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)); if (offsetp) *offsetp = offset; if (blockgrpp) *blockgrpp = blocknr; } static int ext4_block_in_group(struct super_block *sb, ext4_fsblk_t block, ext4_group_t block_group) { ext4_group_t actual_group; ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, block, &actual_group, NULL); if (actual_group == block_group) return 1; return 0; } static int ext4_group_used_meta_blocks(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group) { ext4_fsblk_t tmp; struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb); /* block bitmap, inode bitmap, and inode table blocks */ int used_blocks = sbi->s_itb_per_group + 2; if (EXT4_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FLEX_BG)) { struct ext4_group_desc *gdp; struct buffer_head *bh; gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, &bh); if (!ext4_block_in_group(sb, ext4_block_bitmap(sb, gdp), block_group)) used_blocks--; if (!ext4_block_in_group(sb, ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, gdp), block_group)) used_blocks--; tmp = ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp); for (; tmp < ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp) + sbi->s_itb_per_group; tmp++) { if (!ext4_block_in_group(sb, tmp, block_group)) used_blocks -= 1; } } return used_blocks; } /* Initializes an uninitialized block bitmap if given, and returns the * number of blocks free in the group. */ unsigned ext4_init_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head *bh, ext4_group_t block_group, struct ext4_group_desc *gdp) { int bit, bit_max; unsigned free_blocks, group_blocks; struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb); if (bh) { J_ASSERT_BH(bh, buffer_locked(bh)); /* If checksum is bad mark all blocks used to prevent allocation * essentially implementing a per-group read-only flag. */ if (!ext4_group_desc_csum_verify(sbi, block_group, gdp)) { ext4_error(sb, __func__, "Checksum bad for group %lu\n", block_group); gdp->bg_free_blocks_count = 0; gdp->bg_free_inodes_count = 0; gdp->bg_itable_unused = 0; memset(bh->b_data, 0xff, sb->s_blocksize); return 0; } memset(bh->b_data, 0, sb->s_blocksize); } /* Check for superblock and gdt backups in this group */ bit_max = ext4_bg_has_super(sb, block_group); if (!EXT4_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG) || block_group < le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_first_meta_bg) * sbi->s_desc_per_block) { if (bit_max) { bit_max += ext4_bg_num_gdb(sb, block_group); bit_max += le16_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_reserved_gdt_blocks); } } else { /* For META_BG_BLOCK_GROUPS */ bit_max += ext4_bg_num_gdb(sb, block_group); } if (block_group == sbi->s_groups_count - 1) { /* * Even though mke2fs always initialize first and last group * if some other tool enabled the EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT we need * to make sure we calculate the right free blocks */ group_blocks = ext4_blocks_count(sbi->s_es) - le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_first_data_block) - (EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) * (sbi->s_groups_count -1)); } else { group_blocks = EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb); } free_blocks = group_blocks - bit_max; if (bh) { ext4_fsblk_t start, tmp; int flex_bg = 0; for (bit = 0; bit < bit_max; bit++) ext4_set_bit(bit, bh->b_data); start = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, block_group); if (EXT4_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FLEX_BG)) flex_bg = 1; /* Set bits for block and inode bitmaps, and inode table */ tmp = ext4_block_bitmap(sb, gdp); if (!flex_bg || ext4_block_in_group(sb, tmp, block_group)) ext4_set_bit(tmp - start, bh->b_data); tmp = ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, gdp); if (!flex_bg || ext4_block_in_group(sb, tmp, block_group)) ext4_set_bit(tmp - start, bh->b_data); tmp = ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp); for (; tmp < ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp) + sbi->s_itb_per_group; tmp++) { if (!flex_bg || ext4_block_in_group(sb, tmp, block_group)) ext4_set_bit(tmp - start, bh->b_data); } /* * Also if the number of blocks within the group is * less than the blocksize * 8 ( which is the size * of bitmap ), set rest of the block bitmap to 1 */ mark_bitmap_end(group_blocks, sb->s_blocksize * 8, bh->b_data); } return free_blocks - ext4_group_used_meta_blocks(sb, block_group); } /* * The free blocks are managed by bitmaps. A file system contains several * blocks groups. Each group contains 1 bitmap block for blocks, 1 bitmap * block for inodes, N blocks for the inode table and data blocks. * * The file system contains group descriptors which are located after the * super block. Each descriptor contains the number of the bitmap block and * the free blocks count in the block. The descriptors are loaded in memory * when a file system is mounted (see ext4_fill_super). */ #define in_range(b, first, len) ((b) >= (first) && (b) <= (first) + (len) - 1) /** * ext4_get_group_desc() -- load group descriptor from disk * @sb: super block * @block_group: given block group * @bh: pointer to the buffer head to store the block * group descriptor */ struct ext4_group_desc * ext4_get_group_desc(struct super_block * sb, ext4_group_t block_group, struct buffer_head ** bh) { unsigned long group_desc; unsigned long offset; struct ext4_group_desc * desc; struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb); if (block_group >= sbi->s_groups_count) { ext4_error (sb, "ext4_get_group_desc", "block_group >= groups_count - " "block_group = %lu, groups_count = %lu", block_group, sbi->s_groups_count); return NULL; } smp_rmb(); group_desc = block_group >> EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK_BITS(sb); offset = block_group & (EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 1); if (!sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc]) { ext4_error (sb, "ext4_get_group_desc", "Group descriptor not loaded - " "block_group = %lu, group_desc = %lu, desc = %lu", block_group, group_desc, offset); return NULL; } desc = (struct ext4_group_desc *)( (__u8 *)sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc]->b_data + offset * EXT4_DESC_SIZE(sb)); if (bh) *bh = sbi->s_group_desc[group_desc]; return desc; } static int ext4_valid_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, struct ext4_group_desc *desc, unsigned int block_group, struct buffer_head *bh) { ext4_grpblk_t offset; ext4_grpblk_t next_zero_bit; ext4_fsblk_t bitmap_blk; ext4_fsblk_t group_first_block; if (EXT4_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_FLEX_BG)) { /* with FLEX_BG, the inode/block bitmaps and itable * blocks may not be in the group at all * so the bitmap validation will be skipped for those groups * or it has to also read the block group where the bitmaps * are located to verify they are set. */ return 1; } group_first_block = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, block_group); /* check whether block bitmap block number is set */ bitmap_blk = ext4_block_bitmap(sb, desc); offset = bitmap_blk - group_first_block; if (!ext4_test_bit(offset, bh->b_data)) /* bad block bitmap */ goto err_out; /* check whether the inode bitmap block number is set */ bitmap_blk = ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, desc); offset = bitmap_blk - group_first_block; if (!ext4_test_bit(offset, bh->b_data)) /* bad block bitmap */ goto err_out; /* check whether the inode table block number is set */ bitmap_blk = ext4_inode_table(sb, desc); offset = bitmap_blk - group_first_block; next_zero_bit = ext4_find_next_zero_bit(bh->b_data, offset + EXT4_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group, offset); if (next_zero_bit >= offset + EXT4_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group) /* good bitmap for inode tables */ return 1; err_out: ext4_error(sb, __func__, "Invalid block bitmap - " "block_group = %d, block = %llu", block_group, bitmap_blk); return 0; } /** * ext4_read_block_bitmap() * @sb: super block * @block_group: given block group * * Read the bitmap for a given block_group,and validate the * bits for block/inode/inode tables are set in the bitmaps * * Return buffer_head on success or NULL in case of failure. */ struct buffer_head * ext4_read_block_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group) { struct ext4_group_desc * desc; struct buffer_head * bh = NULL; ext4_fsblk_t bitmap_blk; desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL); if (!desc) return NULL; bitmap_blk = ext4_block_bitmap(sb, desc); bh = sb_getblk(sb, bitmap_blk); if (unlikely(!bh)) { ext4_error(sb, __func__, "Cannot read block bitmap - " "block_group = %lu, block_bitmap = %llu", block_group, bitmap_blk); return NULL; } if (bh_uptodate_or_lock(bh)) return bh; spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(EXT4_SB(sb), block_group)); if (desc->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) { ext4_init_block_bitmap(sb, bh, block_group, desc); set_buffer_uptodate(bh); unlock_buffer(bh); spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(EXT4_SB(sb), block_group)); return bh; } spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(EXT4_SB(sb), block_group)); if (bh_submit_read(bh) < 0) { put_bh(bh); ext4_error(sb, __func__, "Cannot read block bitmap - " "block_group = %lu, block_bitmap = %llu", block_group, bitmap_blk); return NULL; } ext4_valid_block_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh); /* * file system mounted not to panic on error, * continue with corrupt bitmap */ return bh; } /* * The reservation window structure operations * -------------------------------------------- * Operations include: * dump, find, add, remove, is_empty, find_next_reservable_window, etc. * * We use a red-black tree to represent per-filesystem reservation * windows. * */ /** * __rsv_window_dump() -- Dump the filesystem block allocation reservation map * @rb_root: root of per-filesystem reservation rb tree * @verbose: verbose mode * @fn: function which wishes to dump the reservation map * * If verbose is turned on, it will print the whole block reservation * windows(start, end). Otherwise, it will only print out the "bad" windows, * those windows that overlap with their immediate neighbors. */ #if 1 static void __rsv_window_dump(struct rb_root *root, int verbose, const char *fn) { struct rb_node *n; struct ext4_reserve_window_node *rsv, *prev; int bad; restart: n = rb_first(root); bad = 0; prev = NULL; printk("Block Allocation Reservation Windows Map (%s):\n", fn); while (n) { rsv = rb_entry(n, struct ext4_reserve_window_node, rsv_node); if (verbose) printk("reservation window 0x%p " "start: %llu, end: %llu\n", rsv, rsv->rsv_start, rsv->rsv_end); if (rsv->rsv_start && rsv->rsv_start >= rsv->rsv_end) { printk("Bad reservation %p (start >= end)\n", rsv); bad = 1; } if (prev && prev->rsv_end >= rsv->rsv_start) { printk("Bad reservation %p (prev->end >= start)\n", rsv); bad = 1; } if (bad) { if (!verbose) { printk("Restarting reservation walk in verbose mode\n"); verbose = 1; goto restart; } } n = rb_next(n); prev = rsv; } printk("Window map complete.\n"); BUG_ON(bad); } #define rsv_window_dump(root, verbose) \ __rsv_window_dump((root), (verbose), __func__) #else #define rsv_window_dump(root, verbose) do {} while (0) #endif /** * goal_in_my_reservation() * @rsv: inode's reservation window * @grp_goal: given goal block relative to the allocation block group * @group: the current allocation block group * @sb: filesystem super block * * Test if the given goal block (group relative) is within the file's * own block reservation window range. * * If the reservation window is outside the goal allocation group, return 0; * grp_goal (given goal block) could be -1, which means no specific * goal block. In this case, always return 1. * If the goal block is within the reservation window, return 1; * otherwise, return 0; */ static int goal_in_my_reservation(struct ext4_reserve_window *rsv, ext4_grpblk_t grp_goal, ext4_group_t group, struct super_block *sb) { ext4_fsblk_t group_first_block, group_last_block; group_first_block = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group); group_last_block = group_first_block + (EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) - 1); if ((rsv->_rsv_start > group_last_block) || (rsv->_rsv_end < group_first_block)) return 0; if ((grp_goal >= 0) && ((grp_goal + group_first_block < rsv->_rsv_start) || (grp_goal + group_first_block > rsv->_rsv_end))) return 0; return 1; } /** * search_reserve_window() * @rb_root: root of reservation tree * @goal: target allocation block * * Find the reserved window which includes the goal, or the previous one * if the goal is not in any window. * Returns NULL if there are no windows or if all windows start after the goal. */ static struct ext4_reserve_window_node * search_reserve_window(struct rb_root *root, ext4_fsblk_t goal) { struct rb_node *n = root->rb_node; struct ext4_reserve_window_node *rsv; if (!n) return NULL; do { rsv = rb_entry(n, struct ext4_reserve_window_node, rsv_node); if (goal < rsv->rsv_start) n = n->rb_left; else if (goal > rsv->rsv_end) n = n->rb_right; else return rsv; } while (n); /* * We've fallen off the end of the tree: the goal wasn't inside * any particular node. OK, the previous node must be to one * side of the interval containing the goal. If it's the RHS, * we need to back up one. */ if (rsv->rsv_start > goal) { n = rb_prev(&rsv->rsv_node); rsv = rb_entry(n, struct ext4_reserve_window_node, rsv_node); } return rsv; } /** * ext4_rsv_window_add() -- Insert a window to the block reservation rb tree. * @sb: super block * @rsv: reservation window to add * * Must be called with rsv_lock hold. */ void ext4_rsv_window_add(struct super_block *sb, struct ext4_reserve_window_node *rsv) { struct rb_root *root = &EXT4_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root; struct rb_node *node = &rsv->rsv_node; ext4_fsblk_t start = rsv->rsv_start; struct rb_node ** p = &root->rb_node; struct rb_node * parent = NULL; struct ext4_reserve_window_node *this; while (*p) { parent = *p; this = rb_entry(parent, struct ext4_reserve_window_node, rsv_node); if (start < this->rsv_start) p = &(*p)->rb_left; else if (start > this->rsv_end) p = &(*p)->rb_right; else { rsv_window_dump(root, 1); BUG(); } } rb_link_node(node, parent, p); rb_insert_color(node, root); } /** * ext4_rsv_window_remove() -- unlink a window from the reservation rb tree * @sb: super block * @rsv: reservation window to remove * * Mark the block reservation window as not allocated, and unlink it * from the filesystem reservation window rb tree. Must be called with * rsv_lock hold. */ static void rsv_window_remove(struct super_block *sb, struct ext4_reserve_window_node *rsv) { rsv->rsv_start = EXT4_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED; rsv->rsv_end = EXT4_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED; rsv->rsv_alloc_hit = 0; rb_erase(&rsv->rsv_node, &EXT4_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root); } /* * rsv_is_empty() -- Check if the reservation window is allocated. * @rsv: given reservation window to check * * returns 1 if the end block is EXT4_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED. */ static inline int rsv_is_empty(struct ext4_reserve_window *rsv) { /* a valid reservation end block could not be 0 */ return rsv->_rsv_end == EXT4_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED; } /** * ext4_init_block_alloc_info() * @inode: file inode structure * * Allocate and initialize the reservation window structure, and * link the window to the ext4 inode structure at last * * The reservation window structure is only dynamically allocated * and linked to ext4 inode the first time the open file * needs a new block. So, before every ext4_new_block(s) call, for * regular files, we should check whether the reservation window * structure exists or not. In the latter case, this function is called. * Fail to do so will result in block reservation being turned off for that * open file. * * This function is called from ext4_get_blocks_handle(), also called * when setting the reservation window size through ioctl before the file * is open for write (needs block allocation). * * Needs down_write(i_data_sem) protection prior to call this function. */ void ext4_init_block_alloc_info(struct inode *inode) { struct ext4_inode_info *ei = EXT4_I(inode); struct ext4_block_alloc_info *block_i = ei->i_block_alloc_info; struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb; block_i = kmalloc(sizeof(*block_i), GFP_NOFS); if (block_i) { struct ext4_reserve_window_node *rsv = &block_i->rsv_window_node; rsv->rsv_start = EXT4_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED; rsv->rsv_end = EXT4_RESERVE_WINDOW_NOT_ALLOCATED; /* * if filesystem is mounted with NORESERVATION, the goal * reservation window size is set to zero to indicate * block reservation is off */ if (!test_opt(sb, RESERVATION)) rsv->rsv_goal_size = 0; else rsv->rsv_goal_size = EXT4_DEFAULT_RESERVE_BLOCKS; rsv->rsv_alloc_hit = 0; block_i->last_alloc_logical_block = 0; block_i->last_alloc_physical_block = 0; } ei->i_block_alloc_info = block_i; } /** * ext4_discard_reservation() * @inode: inode * * Discard(free) block reservation window on last file close, or truncate * or at last iput(). * * It is being called in three cases: * ext4_release_file(): last writer close the file * ext4_clear_inode(): last iput(), when nobody link to this file. * ext4_truncate(): when the block indirect map is about to change. * */ void ext4_discard_reservation(struct inode *inode) { struct ext4_inode_info *ei = EXT4_I(inode); struct ext4_block_alloc_info *block_i = ei->i_block_alloc_info; struct ext4_reserve_window_node *rsv; spinlock_t *rsv_lock = &EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_rsv_window_lock; ext4_mb_discard_inode_preallocations(inode); if (!block_i) return; rsv = &block_i->rsv_window_node; if (!rsv_is_empty(&rsv->rsv_window)) { spin_lock(rsv_lock); if (!rsv_is_empty(&rsv->rsv_window)) rsv_window_remove(inode->i_sb, rsv); spin_unlock(rsv_lock); } } /** * ext4_free_blocks_sb() -- Free given blocks and update quota * @handle: handle to this transaction * @sb: super block * @block: start physcial block to free * @count: number of blocks to free * @pdquot_freed_blocks: pointer to quota */ void ext4_free_blocks_sb(handle_t *handle, struct super_block *sb, ext4_fsblk_t block, unsigned long count, unsigned long *pdquot_freed_blocks) { struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL; struct buffer_head *gd_bh; ext4_group_t block_group; ext4_grpblk_t bit; unsigned long i; unsigned long overflow; struct ext4_group_desc * desc; struct ext4_super_block * es; struct ext4_sb_info *sbi; int err = 0, ret; ext4_grpblk_t group_freed; *pdquot_freed_blocks = 0; sbi = EXT4_SB(sb); es = sbi->s_es; if (block < le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block) || block + count < block || block + count > ext4_blocks_count(es)) { ext4_error (sb, "ext4_free_blocks", "Freeing blocks not in datazone - " "block = %llu, count = %lu", block, count); goto error_return; } ext4_debug ("freeing block(s) %llu-%llu\n", block, block + count - 1); do_more: overflow = 0; ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, block, &block_group, &bit); /* * Check to see if we are freeing blocks across a group * boundary. */ if (bit + count > EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)) { overflow = bit + count - EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb); count -= overflow; } brelse(bitmap_bh); bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, block_group); if (!bitmap_bh) goto error_return; desc = ext4_get_group_desc (sb, block_group, &gd_bh); if (!desc) goto error_return; if (in_range(ext4_block_bitmap(sb, desc), block, count) || in_range(ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, desc), block, count) || in_range(block, ext4_inode_table(sb, desc), sbi->s_itb_per_group) || in_range(block + count - 1, ext4_inode_table(sb, desc), sbi->s_itb_per_group)) { ext4_error (sb, "ext4_free_blocks", "Freeing blocks in system zones - " "Block = %llu, count = %lu", block, count); goto error_return; } /* * We are about to start releasing blocks in the bitmap, * so we need undo access. */ /* @@@ check errors */ BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "getting undo access"); err = ext4_journal_get_undo_access(handle, bitmap_bh); if (err) goto error_return; /* * We are about to modify some metadata. Call the journal APIs * to unshare ->b_data if a currently-committing transaction is * using it */ BUFFER_TRACE(gd_bh, "get_write_access"); err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, gd_bh); if (err) goto error_return; jbd_lock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); for (i = 0, group_freed = 0; i < count; i++) { /* * An HJ special. This is expensive... */ #ifdef CONFIG_JBD2_DEBUG jbd_unlock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); { struct buffer_head *debug_bh; debug_bh = sb_find_get_block(sb, block + i); if (debug_bh) { BUFFER_TRACE(debug_bh, "Deleted!"); if (!bh2jh(bitmap_bh)->b_committed_data) BUFFER_TRACE(debug_bh, "No commited data in bitmap"); BUFFER_TRACE2(debug_bh, bitmap_bh, "bitmap"); __brelse(debug_bh); } } jbd_lock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); #endif if (need_resched()) { jbd_unlock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); cond_resched(); jbd_lock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); } /* @@@ This prevents newly-allocated data from being * freed and then reallocated within the same * transaction. * * Ideally we would want to allow that to happen, but to * do so requires making jbd2_journal_forget() capable of * revoking the queued write of a data block, which * implies blocking on the journal lock. *forget() * cannot block due to truncate races. * * Eventually we can fix this by making jbd2_journal_forget() * return a status indicating whether or not it was able * to revoke the buffer. On successful revoke, it is * safe not to set the allocation bit in the committed * bitmap, because we know that there is no outstanding * activity on the buffer any more and so it is safe to * reallocate it. */ BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "set in b_committed_data"); J_ASSERT_BH(bitmap_bh, bh2jh(bitmap_bh)->b_committed_data != NULL); ext4_set_bit_atomic(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, block_group), bit + i, bh2jh(bitmap_bh)->b_committed_data); /* * We clear the bit in the bitmap after setting the committed * data bit, because this is the reverse order to that which * the allocator uses. */ BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "clear bit"); if (!ext4_clear_bit_atomic(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, block_group), bit + i, bitmap_bh->b_data)) { jbd_unlock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); ext4_error(sb, __func__, "bit already cleared for block %llu", (ext4_fsblk_t)(block + i)); jbd_lock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "bit already cleared"); } else { group_freed++; } } jbd_unlock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, block_group)); le16_add_cpu(&desc->bg_free_blocks_count, group_freed); desc->bg_checksum = ext4_group_desc_csum(sbi, block_group, desc); spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, block_group)); percpu_counter_add(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter, count); if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) { ext4_group_t flex_group = ext4_flex_group(sbi, block_group); spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, flex_group)); sbi->s_flex_groups[flex_group].free_blocks += count; spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, flex_group)); } /* We dirtied the bitmap block */ BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "dirtied bitmap block"); err = ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, bitmap_bh); /* And the group descriptor block */ BUFFER_TRACE(gd_bh, "dirtied group descriptor block"); ret = ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, gd_bh); if (!err) err = ret; *pdquot_freed_blocks += group_freed; if (overflow && !err) { block += count; count = overflow; goto do_more; } sb->s_dirt = 1; error_return: brelse(bitmap_bh); ext4_std_error(sb, err); return; } /** * ext4_free_blocks() -- Free given blocks and update quota * @handle: handle for this transaction * @inode: inode * @block: start physical block to free * @count: number of blocks to count * @metadata: Are these metadata blocks */ void ext4_free_blocks(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode, ext4_fsblk_t block, unsigned long count, int metadata) { struct super_block * sb; unsigned long dquot_freed_blocks; /* this isn't the right place to decide whether block is metadata * inode.c/extents.c knows better, but for safety ... */ if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || ext4_should_journal_data(inode)) metadata = 1; sb = inode->i_sb; if (!test_opt(sb, MBALLOC) || !EXT4_SB(sb)->s_group_info) ext4_free_blocks_sb(handle, sb, block, count, &dquot_freed_blocks); else ext4_mb_free_blocks(handle, inode, block, count, metadata, &dquot_freed_blocks); if (dquot_freed_blocks) DQUOT_FREE_BLOCK(inode, dquot_freed_blocks); return; } /** * ext4_test_allocatable() * @nr: given allocation block group * @bh: bufferhead contains the bitmap of the given block group * * For ext4 allocations, we must not reuse any blocks which are * allocated in the bitmap buffer's "last committed data" copy. This * prevents deletes from freeing up the page for reuse until we have * committed the delete transaction. * * If we didn't do this, then deleting something and reallocating it as * data would allow the old block to be overwritten before the * transaction committed (because we force data to disk before commit). * This would lead to corruption if we crashed between overwriting the * data and committing the delete. * * @@@ We may want to make this allocation behaviour conditional on * data-writes at some point, and disable it for metadata allocations or * sync-data inodes. */ static int ext4_test_allocatable(ext4_grpblk_t nr, struct buffer_head *bh) { int ret; struct journal_head *jh = bh2jh(bh); if (ext4_test_bit(nr, bh->b_data)) return 0; jbd_lock_bh_state(bh); if (!jh->b_committed_data) ret = 1; else ret = !ext4_test_bit(nr, jh->b_committed_data); jbd_unlock_bh_state(bh); return ret; } /** * bitmap_search_next_usable_block() * @start: the starting block (group relative) of the search * @bh: bufferhead contains the block group bitmap * @maxblocks: the ending block (group relative) of the reservation * * The bitmap search --- search forward alternately through the actual * bitmap on disk and the last-committed copy in journal, until we find a * bit free in both bitmaps. */ static ext4_grpblk_t bitmap_search_next_usable_block(ext4_grpblk_t start, struct buffer_head *bh, ext4_grpblk_t maxblocks) { ext4_grpblk_t next; struct journal_head *jh = bh2jh(bh); while (start < maxblocks) { next = ext4_find_next_zero_bit(bh->b_data, maxblocks, start); if (next >= maxblocks) return -1; if (ext4_test_allocatable(next, bh)) return next; jbd_lock_bh_state(bh); if (jh->b_committed_data) start = ext4_find_next_zero_bit(jh->b_committed_data, maxblocks, next); jbd_unlock_bh_state(bh); } return -1; } /** * find_next_usable_block() * @start: the starting block (group relative) to find next * allocatable block in bitmap. * @bh: bufferhead contains the block group bitmap * @maxblocks: the ending block (group relative) for the search * * Find an allocatable block in a bitmap. We honor both the bitmap and * its last-committed copy (if that exists), and perform the "most * appropriate allocation" algorithm of looking for a free block near * the initial goal; then for a free byte somewhere in the bitmap; then * for any free bit in the bitmap. */ static ext4_grpblk_t find_next_usable_block(ext4_grpblk_t start, struct buffer_head *bh, ext4_grpblk_t maxblocks) { ext4_grpblk_t here, next; char *p, *r; if (start > 0) { /* * The goal was occupied; search forward for a free * block within the next XX blocks. * * end_goal is more or less random, but it has to be * less than EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP. Aligning up to the * next 64-bit boundary is simple.. */ ext4_grpblk_t end_goal = (start + 63) & ~63; if (end_goal > maxblocks) end_goal = maxblocks; here = ext4_find_next_zero_bit(bh->b_data, end_goal, start); if (here < end_goal && ext4_test_allocatable(here, bh)) return here; ext4_debug("Bit not found near goal\n"); } here = start; if (here < 0) here = 0; p = ((char *)bh->b_data) + (here >> 3); r = memscan(p, 0, ((maxblocks + 7) >> 3) - (here >> 3)); next = (r - ((char *)bh->b_data)) << 3; if (next < maxblocks && next >= start && ext4_test_allocatable(next, bh)) return next; /* * The bitmap search --- search forward alternately through the actual * bitmap and the last-committed copy until we find a bit free in * both */ here = bitmap_search_next_usable_block(here, bh, maxblocks); return here; } /** * claim_block() * @block: the free block (group relative) to allocate * @bh: the bufferhead containts the block group bitmap * * We think we can allocate this block in this bitmap. Try to set the bit. * If that succeeds then check that nobody has allocated and then freed the * block since we saw that is was not marked in b_committed_data. If it _was_ * allocated and freed then clear the bit in the bitmap again and return * zero (failure). */ static inline int claim_block(spinlock_t *lock, ext4_grpblk_t block, struct buffer_head *bh) { struct journal_head *jh = bh2jh(bh); int ret; if (ext4_set_bit_atomic(lock, block, bh->b_data)) return 0; jbd_lock_bh_state(bh); if (jh->b_committed_data && ext4_test_bit(block,jh->b_committed_data)) { ext4_clear_bit_atomic(lock, block, bh->b_data); ret = 0; } else { ret = 1; } jbd_unlock_bh_state(bh); return ret; } /** * ext4_try_to_allocate() * @sb: superblock * @handle: handle to this transaction * @group: given allocation block group * @bitmap_bh: bufferhead holds the block bitmap * @grp_goal: given target block within the group * @count: target number of blocks to allocate * @my_rsv: reservation window * * Attempt to allocate blocks within a give range. Set the range of allocation * first, then find the first free bit(s) from the bitmap (within the range), * and at last, allocate the blocks by claiming the found free bit as allocated. * * To set the range of this allocation: * if there is a reservation window, only try to allocate block(s) from the * file's own reservation window; * Otherwise, the allocation range starts from the give goal block, ends at * the block group's last block. * * If we failed to allocate the desired block then we may end up crossing to a * new bitmap. In that case we must release write access to the old one via * ext4_journal_release_buffer(), else we'll run out of credits. */ static ext4_grpblk_t ext4_try_to_allocate(struct super_block *sb, handle_t *handle, ext4_group_t group, struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh, ext4_grpblk_t grp_goal, unsigned long *count, struct ext4_reserve_window *my_rsv) { ext4_fsblk_t group_first_block; ext4_grpblk_t start, end; unsigned long num = 0; /* we do allocation within the reservation window if we have a window */ if (my_rsv) { group_first_block = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group); if (my_rsv->_rsv_start >= group_first_block) start = my_rsv->_rsv_start - group_first_block; else /* reservation window cross group boundary */ start = 0; end = my_rsv->_rsv_end - group_first_block + 1; if (end > EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)) /* reservation window crosses group boundary */ end = EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb); if ((start <= grp_goal) && (grp_goal < end)) start = grp_goal; else grp_goal = -1; } else { if (grp_goal > 0) start = grp_goal; else start = 0; end = EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb); } BUG_ON(start > EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb)); repeat: if (grp_goal < 0 || !ext4_test_allocatable(grp_goal, bitmap_bh)) { grp_goal = find_next_usable_block(start, bitmap_bh, end); if (grp_goal < 0) goto fail_access; if (!my_rsv) { int i; for (i = 0; i < 7 && grp_goal > start && ext4_test_allocatable(grp_goal - 1, bitmap_bh); i++, grp_goal--) ; } } start = grp_goal; if (!claim_block(sb_bgl_lock(EXT4_SB(sb), group), grp_goal, bitmap_bh)) { /* * The block was allocated by another thread, or it was * allocated and then freed by another thread */ start++; grp_goal++; if (start >= end) goto fail_access; goto repeat; } num++; grp_goal++; while (num < *count && grp_goal < end && ext4_test_allocatable(grp_goal, bitmap_bh) && claim_block(sb_bgl_lock(EXT4_SB(sb), group), grp_goal, bitmap_bh)) { num++; grp_goal++; } *count = num; return grp_goal - num; fail_access: *count = num; return -1; } /** * find_next_reservable_window(): * find a reservable space within the given range. * It does not allocate the reservation window for now: * alloc_new_reservation() will do the work later. * * @search_head: the head of the searching list; * This is not necessarily the list head of the whole filesystem * * We have both head and start_block to assist the search * for the reservable space. The list starts from head, * but we will shift to the place where start_block is, * then start from there, when looking for a reservable space. * * @size: the target new reservation window size * * @group_first_block: the first block we consider to start * the real search from * * @last_block: * the maximum block number that our goal reservable space * could start from. This is normally the last block in this * group. The search will end when we found the start of next * possible reservable space is out of this boundary. * This could handle the cross boundary reservation window * request. * * basically we search from the given range, rather than the whole * reservation double linked list, (start_block, last_block) * to find a free region that is of my size and has not * been reserved. * */ static int find_next_reservable_window( struct ext4_reserve_window_node *search_head, struct ext4_reserve_window_node *my_rsv, struct super_block * sb, ext4_fsblk_t start_block, ext4_fsblk_t last_block) { struct rb_node *next; struct ext4_reserve_window_node *rsv, *prev; ext4_fsblk_t cur; int size = my_rsv->rsv_goal_size; /* TODO: make the start of the reservation window byte-aligned */ /* cur = *start_block & ~7;*/ cur = start_block; rsv = search_head; if (!rsv) return -1; while (1) { if (cur <= rsv->rsv_end) cur = rsv->rsv_end + 1; /* TODO? * in the case we could not find a reservable space * that is what is expected, during the re-search, we could * remember what's the largest reservable space we could have * and return that one. * * For now it will fail if we could not find the reservable * space with expected-size (or more)... */ if (cur > last_block) return -1; /* fail */ prev = rsv; next = rb_next(&rsv->rsv_node); rsv = rb_entry(next,struct ext4_reserve_window_node,rsv_node); /* * Reached the last reservation, we can just append to the * previous one. */ if (!next) break; if (cur + size <= rsv->rsv_start) { /* * Found a reserveable space big enough. We could * have a reservation across the group boundary here */ break; } } /* * we come here either : * when we reach the end of the whole list, * and there is empty reservable space after last entry in the list. * append it to the end of the list. * * or we found one reservable space in the middle of the list, * return the reservation window that we could append to. * succeed. */ if ((prev != my_rsv) && (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window))) rsv_window_remove(sb, my_rsv); /* * Let's book the whole avaliable window for now. We will check the * disk bitmap later and then, if there are free blocks then we adjust * the window size if it's larger than requested. * Otherwise, we will remove this node from the tree next time * call find_next_reservable_window. */ my_rsv->rsv_start = cur; my_rsv->rsv_end = cur + size - 1; my_rsv->rsv_alloc_hit = 0; if (prev != my_rsv) ext4_rsv_window_add(sb, my_rsv); return 0; } /** * alloc_new_reservation()--allocate a new reservation window * * To make a new reservation, we search part of the filesystem * reservation list (the list that inside the group). We try to * allocate a new reservation window near the allocation goal, * or the beginning of the group, if there is no goal. * * We first find a reservable space after the goal, then from * there, we check the bitmap for the first free block after * it. If there is no free block until the end of group, then the * whole group is full, we failed. Otherwise, check if the free * block is inside the expected reservable space, if so, we * succeed. * If the first free block is outside the reservable space, then * start from the first free block, we search for next available * space, and go on. * * on succeed, a new reservation will be found and inserted into the list * It contains at least one free block, and it does not overlap with other * reservation windows. * * failed: we failed to find a reservation window in this group * * @rsv: the reservation * * @grp_goal: The goal (group-relative). It is where the search for a * free reservable space should start from. * if we have a grp_goal(grp_goal >0 ), then start from there, * no grp_goal(grp_goal = -1), we start from the first block * of the group. * * @sb: the super block * @group: the group we are trying to allocate in * @bitmap_bh: the block group block bitmap * */ static int alloc_new_reservation(struct ext4_reserve_window_node *my_rsv, ext4_grpblk_t grp_goal, struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group, struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh) { struct ext4_reserve_window_node *search_head; ext4_fsblk_t group_first_block, group_end_block, start_block; ext4_grpblk_t first_free_block; struct rb_root *fs_rsv_root = &EXT4_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root; unsigned long size; int ret; spinlock_t *rsv_lock = &EXT4_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_lock; group_first_block = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group); group_end_block = group_first_block + (EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) - 1); if (grp_goal < 0) start_block = group_first_block; else start_block = grp_goal + group_first_block; size = my_rsv->rsv_goal_size; if (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window)) { /* * if the old reservation is cross group boundary * and if the goal is inside the old reservation window, * we will come here when we just failed to allocate from * the first part of the window. We still have another part * that belongs to the next group. In this case, there is no * point to discard our window and try to allocate a new one * in this group(which will fail). we should * keep the reservation window, just simply move on. * * Maybe we could shift the start block of the reservation * window to the first block of next group. */ if ((my_rsv->rsv_start <= group_end_block) && (my_rsv->rsv_end > group_end_block) && (start_block >= my_rsv->rsv_start)) return -1; if ((my_rsv->rsv_alloc_hit > (my_rsv->rsv_end - my_rsv->rsv_start + 1) / 2)) { /* * if the previously allocation hit ratio is * greater than 1/2, then we double the size of * the reservation window the next time, * otherwise we keep the same size window */ size = size * 2; if (size > EXT4_MAX_RESERVE_BLOCKS) size = EXT4_MAX_RESERVE_BLOCKS; my_rsv->rsv_goal_size= size; } } spin_lock(rsv_lock); /* * shift the search start to the window near the goal block */ search_head = search_reserve_window(fs_rsv_root, start_block); /* * find_next_reservable_window() simply finds a reservable window * inside the given range(start_block, group_end_block). * * To make sure the reservation window has a free bit inside it, we * need to check the bitmap after we found a reservable window. */ retry: ret = find_next_reservable_window(search_head, my_rsv, sb, start_block, group_end_block); if (ret == -1) { if (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window)) rsv_window_remove(sb, my_rsv); spin_unlock(rsv_lock); return -1; } /* * On success, find_next_reservable_window() returns the * reservation window where there is a reservable space after it. * Before we reserve this reservable space, we need * to make sure there is at least a free block inside this region. * * searching the first free bit on the block bitmap and copy of * last committed bitmap alternatively, until we found a allocatable * block. Search start from the start block of the reservable space * we just found. */ spin_unlock(rsv_lock); first_free_block = bitmap_search_next_usable_block( my_rsv->rsv_start - group_first_block, bitmap_bh, group_end_block - group_first_block + 1); if (first_free_block < 0) { /* * no free block left on the bitmap, no point * to reserve the space. return failed. */ spin_lock(rsv_lock); if (!rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window)) rsv_window_remove(sb, my_rsv); spin_unlock(rsv_lock); return -1; /* failed */ } start_block = first_free_block + group_first_block; /* * check if the first free block is within the * free space we just reserved */ if (start_block >= my_rsv->rsv_start && start_block <= my_rsv->rsv_end) return 0; /* success */ /* * if the first free bit we found is out of the reservable space * continue search for next reservable space, * start from where the free block is, * we also shift the list head to where we stopped last time */ search_head = my_rsv; spin_lock(rsv_lock); goto retry; } /** * try_to_extend_reservation() * @my_rsv: given reservation window * @sb: super block * @size: the delta to extend * * Attempt to expand the reservation window large enough to have * required number of free blocks * * Since ext4_try_to_allocate() will always allocate blocks within * the reservation window range, if the window size is too small, * multiple blocks allocation has to stop at the end of the reservation * window. To make this more efficient, given the total number of * blocks needed and the current size of the window, we try to * expand the reservation window size if necessary on a best-effort * basis before ext4_new_blocks() tries to allocate blocks, */ static void try_to_extend_reservation(struct ext4_reserve_window_node *my_rsv, struct super_block *sb, int size) { struct ext4_reserve_window_node *next_rsv; struct rb_node *next; spinlock_t *rsv_lock = &EXT4_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_lock; if (!spin_trylock(rsv_lock)) return; next = rb_next(&my_rsv->rsv_node); if (!next) my_rsv->rsv_end += size; else { next_rsv = rb_entry(next, struct ext4_reserve_window_node, rsv_node); if ((next_rsv->rsv_start - my_rsv->rsv_end - 1) >= size) my_rsv->rsv_end += size; else my_rsv->rsv_end = next_rsv->rsv_start - 1; } spin_unlock(rsv_lock); } /** * ext4_try_to_allocate_with_rsv() * @sb: superblock * @handle: handle to this transaction * @group: given allocation block group * @bitmap_bh: bufferhead holds the block bitmap * @grp_goal: given target block within the group * @count: target number of blocks to allocate * @my_rsv: reservation window * @errp: pointer to store the error code * * This is the main function used to allocate a new block and its reservation * window. * * Each time when a new block allocation is need, first try to allocate from * its own reservation. If it does not have a reservation window, instead of * looking for a free bit on bitmap first, then look up the reservation list to * see if it is inside somebody else's reservation window, we try to allocate a * reservation window for it starting from the goal first. Then do the block * allocation within the reservation window. * * This will avoid keeping on searching the reservation list again and * again when somebody is looking for a free block (without * reservation), and there are lots of free blocks, but they are all * being reserved. * * We use a red-black tree for the per-filesystem reservation list. * */ static ext4_grpblk_t ext4_try_to_allocate_with_rsv(struct super_block *sb, handle_t *handle, ext4_group_t group, struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh, ext4_grpblk_t grp_goal, struct ext4_reserve_window_node * my_rsv, unsigned long *count, int *errp) { ext4_fsblk_t group_first_block, group_last_block; ext4_grpblk_t ret = 0; int fatal; unsigned long num = *count; *errp = 0; /* * Make sure we use undo access for the bitmap, because it is critical * that we do the frozen_data COW on bitmap buffers in all cases even * if the buffer is in BJ_Forget state in the committing transaction. */ BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "get undo access for new block"); fatal = ext4_journal_get_undo_access(handle, bitmap_bh); if (fatal) { *errp = fatal; return -1; } /* * we don't deal with reservation when * filesystem is mounted without reservation * or the file is not a regular file * or last attempt to allocate a block with reservation turned on failed */ if (my_rsv == NULL ) { ret = ext4_try_to_allocate(sb, handle, group, bitmap_bh, grp_goal, count, NULL); goto out; } /* * grp_goal is a group relative block number (if there is a goal) * 0 <= grp_goal < EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) * first block is a filesystem wide block number * first block is the block number of the first block in this group */ group_first_block = ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group); group_last_block = group_first_block + (EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) - 1); /* * Basically we will allocate a new block from inode's reservation * window. * * We need to allocate a new reservation window, if: * a) inode does not have a reservation window; or * b) last attempt to allocate a block from existing reservation * failed; or * c) we come here with a goal and with a reservation window * * We do not need to allocate a new reservation window if we come here * at the beginning with a goal and the goal is inside the window, or * we don't have a goal but already have a reservation window. * then we could go to allocate from the reservation window directly. */ while (1) { if (rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window) || (ret < 0) || !goal_in_my_reservation(&my_rsv->rsv_window, grp_goal, group, sb)) { if (my_rsv->rsv_goal_size < *count) my_rsv->rsv_goal_size = *count; ret = alloc_new_reservation(my_rsv, grp_goal, sb, group, bitmap_bh); if (ret < 0) break; /* failed */ if (!goal_in_my_reservation(&my_rsv->rsv_window, grp_goal, group, sb)) grp_goal = -1; } else if (grp_goal >= 0) { int curr = my_rsv->rsv_end - (grp_goal + group_first_block) + 1; if (curr < *count) try_to_extend_reservation(my_rsv, sb, *count - curr); } if ((my_rsv->rsv_start > group_last_block) || (my_rsv->rsv_end < group_first_block)) { rsv_window_dump(&EXT4_SB(sb)->s_rsv_window_root, 1); BUG(); } ret = ext4_try_to_allocate(sb, handle, group, bitmap_bh, grp_goal, &num, &my_rsv->rsv_window); if (ret >= 0) { my_rsv->rsv_alloc_hit += num; *count = num; break; /* succeed */ } num = *count; } out: if (ret >= 0) { BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "journal_dirty_metadata for " "bitmap block"); fatal = ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, bitmap_bh); if (fatal) { *errp = fatal; return -1; } return ret; } BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "journal_release_buffer"); ext4_journal_release_buffer(handle, bitmap_bh); return ret; } /** * ext4_has_free_blocks() * @sbi: in-core super block structure. * @nblocks: number of neeed blocks * * Check if filesystem has free blocks available for allocation. * Return the number of blocks avaible for allocation for this request * On success, return nblocks */ ext4_fsblk_t ext4_has_free_blocks(struct ext4_sb_info *sbi, ext4_fsblk_t nblocks) { ext4_fsblk_t free_blocks; ext4_fsblk_t root_blocks = 0; free_blocks = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter); if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) && sbi->s_resuid != current->fsuid && (sbi->s_resgid == 0 || !in_group_p(sbi->s_resgid))) root_blocks = ext4_r_blocks_count(sbi->s_es); #ifdef CONFIG_SMP if (free_blocks - root_blocks < FBC_BATCH) free_blocks = percpu_counter_sum_and_set(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter); #endif if (free_blocks <= root_blocks) /* we don't have free space */ return 0; if (free_blocks - root_blocks < nblocks) return free_blocks - root_blocks; return nblocks; } /** * ext4_should_retry_alloc() * @sb: super block * @retries number of attemps has been made * * ext4_should_retry_alloc() is called when ENOSPC is returned, and if * it is profitable to retry the operation, this function will wait * for the current or commiting transaction to complete, and then * return TRUE. * * if the total number of retries exceed three times, return FALSE. */ int ext4_should_retry_alloc(struct super_block *sb, int *retries) { if (!ext4_has_free_blocks(EXT4_SB(sb), 1) || (*retries)++ > 3) return 0; jbd_debug(1, "%s: retrying operation after ENOSPC\n", sb->s_id); return jbd2_journal_force_commit_nested(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_journal); } /** * ext4_old_new_blocks() -- core block bitmap based block allocation function * * @handle: handle to this transaction * @inode: file inode * @goal: given target block(filesystem wide) * @count: target number of blocks to allocate * @errp: error code * * ext4_old_new_blocks uses a goal block to assist allocation and look up * the block bitmap directly to do block allocation. It tries to * allocate block(s) from the block group contains the goal block first. If * that fails, it will try to allocate block(s) from other block groups * without any specific goal block. * * This function is called when -o nomballoc mount option is enabled * */ ext4_fsblk_t ext4_old_new_blocks(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode, ext4_fsblk_t goal, unsigned long *count, int *errp) { struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL; struct buffer_head *gdp_bh; ext4_group_t group_no; ext4_group_t goal_group; ext4_grpblk_t grp_target_blk; /* blockgroup relative goal block */ ext4_grpblk_t grp_alloc_blk; /* blockgroup-relative allocated block*/ ext4_fsblk_t ret_block; /* filesyetem-wide allocated block */ ext4_group_t bgi; /* blockgroup iteration index */ int fatal = 0, err; int performed_allocation = 0; ext4_grpblk_t free_blocks; /* number of free blocks in a group */ struct super_block *sb; struct ext4_group_desc *gdp; struct ext4_super_block *es; struct ext4_sb_info *sbi; struct ext4_reserve_window_node *my_rsv = NULL; struct ext4_block_alloc_info *block_i; unsigned short windowsz = 0; ext4_group_t ngroups; unsigned long num = *count; sb = inode->i_sb; if (!sb) { *errp = -ENODEV; printk("ext4_new_block: nonexistent device"); return 0; } sbi = EXT4_SB(sb); if (!EXT4_I(inode)->i_delalloc_reserved_flag) { /* * With delalloc we already reserved the blocks */ *count = ext4_has_free_blocks(sbi, *count); } if (*count == 0) { *errp = -ENOSPC; return 0; /*return with ENOSPC error */ } num = *count; /* * Check quota for allocation of this block. */ if (DQUOT_ALLOC_BLOCK(inode, num)) { *errp = -EDQUOT; return 0; } sbi = EXT4_SB(sb); es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es; ext4_debug("goal=%llu.\n", goal); /* * Allocate a block from reservation only when * filesystem is mounted with reservation(default,-o reservation), and * it's a regular file, and * the desired window size is greater than 0 (One could use ioctl * command EXT4_IOC_SETRSVSZ to set the window size to 0 to turn off * reservation on that particular file) */ block_i = EXT4_I(inode)->i_block_alloc_info; if (block_i && ((windowsz = block_i->rsv_window_node.rsv_goal_size) > 0)) my_rsv = &block_i->rsv_window_node; /* * First, test whether the goal block is free. */ if (goal < le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block) || goal >= ext4_blocks_count(es)) goal = le32_to_cpu(es->s_first_data_block); ext4_get_group_no_and_offset(sb, goal, &group_no, &grp_target_blk); goal_group = group_no; retry_alloc: gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, group_no, &gdp_bh); if (!gdp) goto io_error; free_blocks = le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_free_blocks_count); /* * if there is not enough free blocks to make a new resevation * turn off reservation for this allocation */ if (my_rsv && (free_blocks < windowsz) && (rsv_is_empty(&my_rsv->rsv_window))) my_rsv = NULL; if (free_blocks > 0) { bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group_no); if (!bitmap_bh) goto io_error; grp_alloc_blk = ext4_try_to_allocate_with_rsv(sb, handle, group_no, bitmap_bh, grp_target_blk, my_rsv, &num, &fatal); if (fatal) goto out; if (grp_alloc_blk >= 0) goto allocated; } ngroups = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_groups_count; smp_rmb(); /* * Now search the rest of the groups. We assume that * group_no and gdp correctly point to the last group visited. */ for (bgi = 0; bgi < ngroups; bgi++) { group_no++; if (group_no >= ngroups) group_no = 0; gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, group_no, &gdp_bh); if (!gdp) goto io_error; free_blocks = le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_free_blocks_count); /* * skip this group if the number of * free blocks is less than half of the reservation * window size. */ if (free_blocks <= (windowsz/2)) continue; brelse(bitmap_bh); bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group_no); if (!bitmap_bh) goto io_error; /* * try to allocate block(s) from this group, without a goal(-1). */ grp_alloc_blk = ext4_try_to_allocate_with_rsv(sb, handle, group_no, bitmap_bh, -1, my_rsv, &num, &fatal); if (fatal) goto out; if (grp_alloc_blk >= 0) goto allocated; } /* * We may end up a bogus ealier ENOSPC error due to * filesystem is "full" of reservations, but * there maybe indeed free blocks avaliable on disk * In this case, we just forget about the reservations * just do block allocation as without reservations. */ if (my_rsv) { my_rsv = NULL; windowsz = 0; group_no = goal_group; goto retry_alloc; } /* No space left on the device */ *errp = -ENOSPC; goto out; allocated: ext4_debug("using block group %lu(%d)\n", group_no, gdp->bg_free_blocks_count); BUFFER_TRACE(gdp_bh, "get_write_access"); fatal = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, gdp_bh); if (fatal) goto out; ret_block = grp_alloc_blk + ext4_group_first_block_no(sb, group_no); if (in_range(ext4_block_bitmap(sb, gdp), ret_block, num) || in_range(ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, gdp), ret_block, num) || in_range(ret_block, ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp), EXT4_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group) || in_range(ret_block + num - 1, ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp), EXT4_SB(sb)->s_itb_per_group)) { ext4_error(sb, "ext4_new_block", "Allocating block in system zone - " "blocks from %llu, length %lu", ret_block, num); /* * claim_block marked the blocks we allocated * as in use. So we may want to selectively * mark some of the blocks as free */ goto retry_alloc; } performed_allocation = 1; #ifdef CONFIG_JBD2_DEBUG { struct buffer_head *debug_bh; /* Record bitmap buffer state in the newly allocated block */ debug_bh = sb_find_get_block(sb, ret_block); if (debug_bh) { BUFFER_TRACE(debug_bh, "state when allocated"); BUFFER_TRACE2(debug_bh, bitmap_bh, "bitmap state"); brelse(debug_bh); } } jbd_lock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group_no)); if (buffer_jbd(bitmap_bh) && bh2jh(bitmap_bh)->b_committed_data) { int i; for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { if (ext4_test_bit(grp_alloc_blk+i, bh2jh(bitmap_bh)->b_committed_data)) { printk("%s: block was unexpectedly set in " "b_committed_data\n", __func__); } } } ext4_debug("found bit %d\n", grp_alloc_blk); spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group_no)); jbd_unlock_bh_state(bitmap_bh); #endif if (ret_block + num - 1 >= ext4_blocks_count(es)) { ext4_error(sb, "ext4_new_block", "block(%llu) >= blocks count(%llu) - " "block_group = %lu, es == %p ", ret_block, ext4_blocks_count(es), group_no, es); goto out; } /* * It is up to the caller to add the new buffer to a journal * list of some description. We don't know in advance whether * the caller wants to use it as metadata or data. */ spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group_no)); if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) gdp->bg_flags &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT); le16_add_cpu(&gdp->bg_free_blocks_count, -num); gdp->bg_checksum = ext4_group_desc_csum(sbi, group_no, gdp); spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, group_no)); if (!EXT4_I(inode)->i_delalloc_reserved_flag) percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeblocks_counter, num); if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) { ext4_group_t flex_group = ext4_flex_group(sbi, group_no); spin_lock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, flex_group)); sbi->s_flex_groups[flex_group].free_blocks -= num; spin_unlock(sb_bgl_lock(sbi, flex_group)); } BUFFER_TRACE(gdp_bh, "journal_dirty_metadata for group descriptor"); err = ext4_journal_dirty_metadata(handle, gdp_bh); if (!fatal) fatal = err; sb->s_dirt = 1; if (fatal) goto out; *errp = 0; brelse(bitmap_bh); DQUOT_FREE_BLOCK(inode, *count-num); *count = num; return ret_block; io_error: *errp = -EIO; out: if (fatal) { *errp = fatal; ext4_std_error(sb, fatal); } /* * Undo the block allocation */ if (!performed_allocation) DQUOT_FREE_BLOCK(inode, *count); brelse(bitmap_bh); return 0; } #define EXT4_META_BLOCK 0x1 static ext4_fsblk_t do_blk_alloc(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t iblock, ext4_fsblk_t goal, unsigned long *count, int *errp, int flags) { struct ext4_allocation_request ar; ext4_fsblk_t ret; if (!test_opt(inode->i_sb, MBALLOC)) { return ext4_old_new_blocks(handle, inode, goal, count, errp); } memset(&ar, 0, sizeof(ar)); /* Fill with neighbour allocated blocks */ ar.inode = inode; ar.goal = goal; ar.len = *count; ar.logical = iblock; if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && !(flags & EXT4_META_BLOCK)) /* enable in-core preallocation for data block allocation */ ar.flags = EXT4_MB_HINT_DATA; else /* disable in-core preallocation for non-regular files */ ar.flags = 0; ret = ext4_mb_new_blocks(handle, &ar, errp); *count = ar.len; return ret; } /* * ext4_new_meta_blocks() -- allocate block for meta data (indexing) blocks * * @handle: handle to this transaction * @inode: file inode * @goal: given target block(filesystem wide) * @count: total number of blocks need * @errp: error code * * Return 1st allocated block numberon success, *count stores total account * error stores in errp pointer */ ext4_fsblk_t ext4_new_meta_blocks(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode, ext4_fsblk_t goal, unsigned long *count, int *errp) { ext4_fsblk_t ret; ret = do_blk_alloc(handle, inode, 0, goal, count, errp, EXT4_META_BLOCK); /* * Account for the allocated meta blocks */ if (!(*errp)) { spin_lock(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_block_reservation_lock); EXT4_I(inode)->i_allocated_meta_blocks += *count; spin_unlock(&EXT4_I(inode)->i_block_reservation_lock); } return ret; } /* * ext4_new_meta_block() -- allocate block for meta data (indexing) blocks * * @handle: handle to this transaction * @inode: file inode * @goal: given target block(filesystem wide) * @errp: error code * * Return allocated block number on success */ ext4_fsblk_t ext4_new_meta_block(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode, ext4_fsblk_t goal, int *errp) { unsigned long count = 1; return ext4_new_meta_blocks(handle, inode, goal, &count, errp); } /* * ext4_new_blocks() -- allocate data blocks * * @handle: handle to this transaction * @inode: file inode * @goal: given target block(filesystem wide) * @count: total number of blocks need * @errp: error code * * Return 1st allocated block numberon success, *count stores total account * error stores in errp pointer */ ext4_fsblk_t ext4_new_blocks(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode, ext4_lblk_t iblock, ext4_fsblk_t goal, unsigned long *count, int *errp) { return do_blk_alloc(handle, inode, iblock, goal, count, errp, 0); } /** * ext4_count_free_blocks() -- count filesystem free blocks * @sb: superblock * * Adds up the number of free blocks from each block group. */ ext4_fsblk_t ext4_count_free_blocks(struct super_block *sb) { ext4_fsblk_t desc_count; struct ext4_group_desc *gdp; ext4_group_t i; ext4_group_t ngroups = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_groups_count; #ifdef EXT4FS_DEBUG struct ext4_super_block *es; ext4_fsblk_t bitmap_count; unsigned long x; struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL; es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es; desc_count = 0; bitmap_count = 0; gdp = NULL; smp_rmb(); for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) { gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL); if (!gdp) continue; desc_count += le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_free_blocks_count); brelse(bitmap_bh); bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, i); if (bitmap_bh == NULL) continue; x = ext4_count_free(bitmap_bh, sb->s_blocksize); printk(KERN_DEBUG "group %lu: stored = %d, counted = %lu\n", i, le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_free_blocks_count), x); bitmap_count += x; } brelse(bitmap_bh); printk("ext4_count_free_blocks: stored = %llu" ", computed = %llu, %llu\n", ext4_free_blocks_count(es), desc_count, bitmap_count); return bitmap_count; #else desc_count = 0; smp_rmb(); for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) { gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL); if (!gdp) continue; desc_count += le16_to_cpu(gdp->bg_free_blocks_count); } return desc_count; #endif } static inline int test_root(ext4_group_t a, int b) { int num = b; while (a > num) num *= b; return num == a; } static int ext4_group_sparse(ext4_group_t group) { if (group <= 1) return 1; if (!(group & 1)) return 0; return (test_root(group, 7) || test_root(group, 5) || test_root(group, 3)); } /** * ext4_bg_has_super - number of blocks used by the superblock in group * @sb: superblock for filesystem * @group: group number to check * * Return the number of blocks used by the superblock (primary or backup) * in this group. Currently this will be only 0 or 1. */ int ext4_bg_has_super(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group) { if (EXT4_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_SPARSE_SUPER) && !ext4_group_sparse(group)) return 0; return 1; } static unsigned long ext4_bg_num_gdb_meta(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group) { unsigned long metagroup = group / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb); ext4_group_t first = metagroup * EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb); ext4_group_t last = first + EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb) - 1; if (group == first || group == first + 1 || group == last) return 1; return 0; } static unsigned long ext4_bg_num_gdb_nometa(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group) { return ext4_bg_has_super(sb, group) ? EXT4_SB(sb)->s_gdb_count : 0; } /** * ext4_bg_num_gdb - number of blocks used by the group table in group * @sb: superblock for filesystem * @group: group number to check * * Return the number of blocks used by the group descriptor table * (primary or backup) in this group. In the future there may be a * different number of descriptor blocks in each group. */ unsigned long ext4_bg_num_gdb(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group) { unsigned long first_meta_bg = le32_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_first_meta_bg); unsigned long metagroup = group / EXT4_DESC_PER_BLOCK(sb); if (!EXT4_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb,EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_META_BG) || metagroup < first_meta_bg) return ext4_bg_num_gdb_nometa(sb,group); return ext4_bg_num_gdb_meta(sb,group); }