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-rw-r--r--Documentation/DMA-API.txt12
-rw-r--r--Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl32
-rw-r--r--Documentation/IPMI.txt34
-rw-r--r--Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/devices.txt102
-rw-r--r--Documentation/filesystems/Locking2
-rw-r--r--Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt21
-rw-r--r--Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt177
-rw-r--r--Documentation/i386/boot.txt6
-rw-r--r--Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt32
-rw-r--r--Documentation/power/s2ram.txt56
-rw-r--r--Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt60
-rw-r--r--Documentation/power/swsusp.txt18
-rw-r--r--Documentation/power/userland-swsusp.txt64
-rw-r--r--Documentation/stable_api_nonsense.txt3
-rw-r--r--Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt8
-rw-r--r--Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt7
17 files changed, 542 insertions, 98 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt
index 05431621c86..805db4b2cba 100644
--- a/Documentation/DMA-API.txt
+++ b/Documentation/DMA-API.txt
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ To get this part of the dma_ API, you must #include <linux/dmapool.h>
Many drivers need lots of small dma-coherent memory regions for DMA
descriptors or I/O buffers. Rather than allocating in units of a page
or more using dma_alloc_coherent(), you can use DMA pools. These work
-much like a kmem_cache_t, except that they use the dma-coherent allocator
+much like a struct kmem_cache, except that they use the dma-coherent allocator
not __get_free_pages(). Also, they understand common hardware constraints
for alignment, like queue heads needing to be aligned on N byte boundaries.
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ The pool create() routines initialize a pool of dma-coherent buffers
for use with a given device. It must be called in a context which
can sleep.
-The "name" is for diagnostics (like a kmem_cache_t name); dev and size
+The "name" is for diagnostics (like a struct kmem_cache name); dev and size
are like what you'd pass to dma_alloc_coherent(). The device's hardware
alignment requirement for this type of data is "align" (which is expressed
in bytes, and must be a power of two). If your device has no boundary
@@ -431,10 +431,10 @@ be identical to those passed in (and returned by
dma_alloc_noncoherent()).
int
-dma_is_consistent(dma_addr_t dma_handle)
+dma_is_consistent(struct device *dev, dma_addr_t dma_handle)
-returns true if the memory pointed to by the dma_handle is actually
-consistent.
+returns true if the device dev is performing consistent DMA on the memory
+area pointed to by the dma_handle.
int
dma_get_cache_alignment(void)
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ anything like this. You must also be extra careful about accessing
memory you intend to sync partially.
void
-dma_cache_sync(void *vaddr, size_t size,
+dma_cache_sync(struct device *dev, void *vaddr, size_t size,
enum dma_data_direction direction)
Do a partial sync of memory that was allocated by
diff --git a/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl b/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl
index a166675c430..ca094913c55 100644
--- a/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl
+++ b/Documentation/DocBook/kernel-api.tmpl
@@ -418,9 +418,35 @@ X!Edrivers/pnp/system.c
!Idrivers/parport/daisy.c
</chapter>
- <chapter id="viddev">
- <title>Video4Linux</title>
-!Edrivers/media/video/videodev.c
+ <chapter id="message_devices">
+ <title>Message-based devices</title>
+ <sect1><title>Fusion message devices</title>
+!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
+!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptbase.c
+!Edrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
+!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptscsih.c
+!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptctl.c
+!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptspi.c
+!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptfc.c
+!Idrivers/message/fusion/mptlan.c
+ </sect1>
+ <sect1><title>I2O message devices</title>
+!Iinclude/linux/i2o.h
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/core.h
+!Edrivers/message/i2o/iop.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/iop.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/config-osm.c
+!Edrivers/message/i2o/exec-osm.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/exec-osm.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/bus-osm.c
+!Edrivers/message/i2o/device.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/device.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/driver.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/pci.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/i2o_block.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/i2o_scsi.c
+!Idrivers/message/i2o/i2o_proc.c
+ </sect1>
</chapter>
<chapter id="snddev">
diff --git a/Documentation/IPMI.txt b/Documentation/IPMI.txt
index 0e3924ecd76..24dc3fcf159 100644
--- a/Documentation/IPMI.txt
+++ b/Documentation/IPMI.txt
@@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ You can change this at module load time (for a module) with:
regshifts=<shift1>,<shift2>,...
slave_addrs=<addr1>,<addr2>,...
force_kipmid=<enable1>,<enable2>,...
+ unload_when_empty=[0|1]
Each of these except si_trydefaults is a list, the first item for the
first interface, second item for the second interface, etc.
@@ -416,6 +417,11 @@ by the driver, but systems with broken interrupts might need an enable,
or users that don't want the daemon (don't need the performance, don't
want the CPU hit) can disable it.
+If unload_when_empty is set to 1, the driver will be unloaded if it
+doesn't find any interfaces or all the interfaces fail to work. The
+default is one. Setting to 0 is useful with the hotmod, but is
+obviously only useful for modules.
+
When compiled into the kernel, the parameters can be specified on the
kernel command line as:
@@ -441,6 +447,25 @@ have high-res timers enabled in the kernel and you don't have
interrupts enabled, the driver will run VERY slowly. Don't blame me,
these interfaces suck.
+The driver supports a hot add and remove of interfaces. This way,
+interfaces can be added or removed after the kernel is up and running.
+This is done using /sys/modules/ipmi_si/hotmod, which is a write-only
+parameter. You write a string to this interface. The string has the
+format:
+ <op1>[:op2[:op3...]]
+The "op"s are:
+ add|remove,kcs|bt|smic,mem|i/o,<address>[,<opt1>[,<opt2>[,...]]]
+You can specify more than one interface on the line. The "opt"s are:
+ rsp=<regspacing>
+ rsi=<regsize>
+ rsh=<regshift>
+ irq=<irq>
+ ipmb=<ipmb slave addr>
+and these have the same meanings as discussed above. Note that you
+can also use this on the kernel command line for a more compact format
+for specifying an interface. Note that when removing an interface,
+only the first three parameters (si type, address type, and address)
+are used for the comparison. Any options are ignored for removing.
The SMBus Driver
----------------
@@ -502,7 +527,10 @@ used to control it:
modprobe ipmi_watchdog timeout=<t> pretimeout=<t> action=<action type>
preaction=<preaction type> preop=<preop type> start_now=x
- nowayout=x
+ nowayout=x ifnum_to_use=n
+
+ifnum_to_use specifies which interface the watchdog timer should use.
+The default is -1, which means to pick the first one registered.
The timeout is the number of seconds to the action, and the pretimeout
is the amount of seconds before the reset that the pre-timeout panic will
@@ -624,5 +652,9 @@ command line. The parameter is also available via the proc filesystem
in /proc/sys/dev/ipmi/poweroff_powercycle. Note that if the system
does not support power cycling, it will always do the power off.
+The "ifnum_to_use" parameter specifies which interface the poweroff
+code should use. The default is -1, which means to pick the first one
+registered.
+
Note that if you have ACPI enabled, the system will prefer using ACPI to
power off.
diff --git a/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt b/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt
index e2a66f8143c..a598fe10a29 100644
--- a/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt
+++ b/Documentation/block/as-iosched.txt
@@ -24,8 +24,10 @@ very similar behavior to the deadline IO scheduler.
Selecting IO schedulers
-----------------------
To choose IO schedulers at boot time, use the argument 'elevator=deadline'.
-'noop' and 'as' (the default) are also available. IO schedulers are assigned
-globally at boot time only presently.
+'noop', 'as' and 'cfq' (the default) are also available. IO schedulers are
+assigned globally at boot time only presently. It's also possible to change
+the IO scheduler for a determined device on the fly, as described in
+Documentation/block/switching-sched.txt.
Anticipatory IO scheduler Policies
diff --git a/Documentation/devices.txt b/Documentation/devices.txt
index 70690f1a14a..8de132a02ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/devices.txt
+++ b/Documentation/devices.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
Maintained by Torben Mathiasen <device@lanana.org>
- Last revised: 15 May 2006
+ Last revised: 29 November 2006
This list is the Linux Device List, the official registry of allocated
device numbers and /dev directory nodes for the Linux operating
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
9 = /dev/urandom Faster, less secure random number gen.
10 = /dev/aio Asynchronous I/O notification interface
11 = /dev/kmsg Writes to this come out as printk's
+
1 block RAM disk
0 = /dev/ram0 First RAM disk
1 = /dev/ram1 Second RAM disk
@@ -122,7 +123,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
devices are on major 128 and above and use the PTY
master multiplex (/dev/ptmx) to acquire a PTY on
demand.
-
+
2 block Floppy disks
0 = /dev/fd0 Controller 0, drive 0, autodetect
1 = /dev/fd1 Controller 0, drive 1, autodetect
@@ -257,7 +258,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
129 = /dev/vcsa1 tty1 text/attribute contents
...
191 = /dev/vcsa63 tty63 text/attribute contents
-
+
NOTE: These devices permit both read and write access.
7 block Loopback devices
@@ -411,7 +412,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
207 = /dev/video/em8300_sp EM8300 DVD decoder subpicture
208 = /dev/compaq/cpqphpc Compaq PCI Hot Plug Controller
209 = /dev/compaq/cpqrid Compaq Remote Insight Driver
- 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
+ 210 = /dev/impi/bt IMPI coprocessor block transfer
211 = /dev/impi/smic IMPI coprocessor stream interface
212 = /dev/watchdogs/0 First watchdog device
213 = /dev/watchdogs/1 Second watchdog device
@@ -506,6 +507,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
33 = /dev/patmgr1 Sequencer patch manager
34 = /dev/midi02 Third MIDI port
50 = /dev/midi03 Fourth MIDI port
+
14 block BIOS harddrive callback support {2.6}
0 = /dev/dos_hda First BIOS harddrive whole disk
64 = /dev/dos_hdb Second BIOS harddrive whole disk
@@ -527,6 +529,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
16 char Non-SCSI scanners
0 = /dev/gs4500 Genius 4500 handheld scanner
+
16 block GoldStar CD-ROM
0 = /dev/gscd GoldStar CD-ROM
@@ -548,6 +551,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
0 = /dev/ttyC0 First Cyclades port
...
31 = /dev/ttyC31 32nd Cyclades port
+
19 block "Double" compressed disk
0 = /dev/double0 First compressed disk
...
@@ -563,6 +567,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
0 = /dev/cub0 Callout device for ttyC0
...
31 = /dev/cub31 Callout device for ttyC31
+
20 block Hitachi CD-ROM (under development)
0 = /dev/hitcd Hitachi CD-ROM
@@ -582,7 +587,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
This device is used on the ARM-based Acorn RiscPC.
Partitions are handled the same way as for IDE disks
- (see major number 3).
+ (see major number 3).
22 char Digiboard serial card
0 = /dev/ttyD0 First Digiboard port
@@ -591,7 +596,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
22 block Second IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
0 = /dev/hdc Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
64 = /dev/hdd Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
+
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
interface (see major number 3).
@@ -639,6 +644,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
26 char Quanta WinVision frame grabber {2.6}
0 = /dev/wvisfgrab Quanta WinVision frame grabber
+
26 block Second Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sbpcd4 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 0
1 = /dev/sbpcd5 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 1 unit 1
@@ -670,6 +676,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
37 = /dev/nrawqft1 Unit 1, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
38 = /dev/nrawqft2 Unit 2, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
39 = /dev/nrawqft3 Unit 3, no rewind-on-close, no file marks
+
27 block Third Matsushita (Panasonic/SoundBlaster) CD-ROM
0 = /dev/sbpcd8 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 0
1 = /dev/sbpcd9 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 2 unit 1
@@ -681,6 +688,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
1 = /dev/staliomem1 Second Stallion card I/O memory
2 = /dev/staliomem2 Third Stallion card I/O memory
3 = /dev/staliomem3 Fourth Stallion card I/O memory
+
28 char Atari SLM ACSI laser printer (68k/Atari)
0 = /dev/slm0 First SLM laser printer
1 = /dev/slm1 Second SLM laser printer
@@ -690,6 +698,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
1 = /dev/sbpcd13 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 1
2 = /dev/sbpcd14 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 2
3 = /dev/sbpcd15 Panasonic CD-ROM controller 3 unit 3
+
28 block ACSI disk (68k/Atari)
0 = /dev/ada First ACSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/adb Second ACSI disk whole disk
@@ -750,6 +759,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
31 char MPU-401 MIDI
0 = /dev/mpu401data MPU-401 data port
1 = /dev/mpu401stat MPU-401 status port
+
31 block ROM/flash memory card
0 = /dev/rom0 First ROM card (rw)
...
@@ -801,7 +811,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
34 block Fourth IDE hard disk/CD-ROM interface
0 = /dev/hdg Master: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
64 = /dev/hdh Slave: whole disk (or CD-ROM)
-
+
Partitions are handled the same way as for the first
interface (see major number 3).
@@ -818,6 +828,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
129 = /dev/smpte1 Second MIDI port, SMPTE timed
130 = /dev/smpte2 Third MIDI port, SMPTE timed
131 = /dev/smpte3 Fourth MIDI port, SMPTE timed
+
35 block Slow memory ramdisk
0 = /dev/slram Slow memory ramdisk
@@ -828,6 +839,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
16 = /dev/tap0 First Ethertap device
...
31 = /dev/tap15 16th Ethertap device
+
36 block MCA ESDI hard disk
0 = /dev/eda First ESDI disk whole disk
64 = /dev/edb Second ESDI disk whole disk
@@ -882,6 +894,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
40 char Matrox Meteor frame grabber {2.6}
0 = /dev/mmetfgrab Matrox Meteor frame grabber
+
40 block Syquest EZ135 parallel port removable drive
0 = /dev/eza Parallel EZ135 drive, whole disk
@@ -893,6 +906,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
41 char Yet Another Micro Monitor
0 = /dev/yamm Yet Another Micro Monitor
+
41 block MicroSolutions BackPack parallel port CD-ROM
0 = /dev/bpcd BackPack CD-ROM
@@ -901,6 +915,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
the parallel port ATAPI CD-ROM driver at major number 46.
42 char Demo/sample use
+
42 block Demo/sample use
This number is intended for use in sample code, as
@@ -918,6 +933,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
0 = /dev/ttyI0 First virtual modem
...
63 = /dev/ttyI63 64th virtual modem
+
43 block Network block devices
0 = /dev/nb0 First network block device
1 = /dev/nb1 Second network block device
@@ -934,12 +950,13 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
0 = /dev/cui0 Callout device for ttyI0
...
63 = /dev/cui63 Callout device for ttyI63
+
44 block Flash Translation Layer (FTL) filesystems
0 = /dev/ftla FTL on first Memory Technology Device
16 = /dev/ftlb FTL on second Memory Technology Device
32 = /dev/ftlc FTL on third Memory Technology Device
...
- 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
+ 240 = /dev/ftlp FTL on 16th Memory Technology Device
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) except that the partition
@@ -958,6 +975,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
191 = /dev/ippp63 64th SyncPPP device
255 = /dev/isdninfo ISDN monitor interface
+
45 block Parallel port IDE disk devices
0 = /dev/pda First parallel port IDE disk
16 = /dev/pdb Second parallel port IDE disk
@@ -1044,6 +1062,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
1 = /dev/dcbri1 Second DataComm card
2 = /dev/dcbri2 Third DataComm card
3 = /dev/dcbri3 Fourth DataComm card
+
52 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; fifth controller
0 = /dev/rd/c4d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c4d1 Second disk, whole disk
@@ -1093,6 +1112,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
55 char DSP56001 digital signal processor
0 = /dev/dsp56k First DSP56001
+
55 block Mylex DAC960 PCI RAID controller; eighth controller
0 = /dev/rd/c7d0 First disk, whole disk
8 = /dev/rd/c7d1 Second disk, whole disk
@@ -1130,6 +1150,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
0 = /dev/cup0 Callout device for ttyP0
1 = /dev/cup1 Callout device for ttyP1
...
+
58 block Reserved for logical volume manager
59 char sf firewall package
@@ -1149,6 +1170,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
NAMING CONFLICT -- PROPOSED REVISED NAME /dev/rpda0 etc
60-63 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+
60-63 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
@@ -1434,7 +1456,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
78 char PAM Software's multimodem boards
0 = /dev/ttyM0 First PAM modem
1 = /dev/ttyM1 Second PAM modem
@@ -1450,7 +1471,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
79 char PAM Software's multimodem boards - alternate devices
0 = /dev/cum0 Callout device for ttyM0
1 = /dev/cum1 Callout device for ttyM1
@@ -1466,7 +1486,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
DAC960 (see major number 48) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
80 char Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
0 = /dev/at200 Photometrics AT200 CCD camera
@@ -1679,7 +1698,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
1 = /dev/dcxx1 Second capture card
...
- 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
+ 94 block IBM S/390 DASD block storage
0 = /dev/dasda First DASD device, major
1 = /dev/dasda1 First DASD device, block 1
2 = /dev/dasda2 First DASD device, block 2
@@ -1695,7 +1714,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
1 = /dev/ipnat NAT control device/log file
2 = /dev/ipstate State information log file
3 = /dev/ipauth Authentication control device/log file
- ...
+ ...
96 char Parallel port ATAPI tape devices
0 = /dev/pt0 First parallel port ATAPI tape
@@ -1705,7 +1724,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
129 = /dev/npt1 Second p.p. ATAPI tape, no rewind
...
- 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
+ 96 block Inverse NAND Flash Translation Layer
0 = /dev/inftla First INFTL layer
16 = /dev/inftlb Second INFTL layer
...
@@ -1937,7 +1956,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
...
113 block IBM iSeries virtual CD-ROM
-
0 = /dev/iseries/vcda First virtual CD-ROM
1 = /dev/iseries/vcdb Second virtual CD-ROM
...
@@ -2059,11 +2077,12 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
...
119 char VMware virtual network control
- 0 = /dev/vnet0 1st virtual network
- 1 = /dev/vnet1 2nd virtual network
+ 0 = /dev/vmnet0 1st virtual network
+ 1 = /dev/vmnet1 2nd virtual network
...
120-127 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+
120-127 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
@@ -2075,7 +2094,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
nodes; instead they should be accessed through the
/dev/ptmx cloning interface.
-
128 block SCSI disk devices (128-143)
0 = /dev/sddy 129th SCSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/sddz 130th SCSI disk whole disk
@@ -2087,7 +2105,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
129 block SCSI disk devices (144-159)
0 = /dev/sdeo 145th SCSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/sdep 146th SCSI disk whole disk
@@ -2123,7 +2140,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
132 block SCSI disk devices (192-207)
0 = /dev/sdgk 193rd SCSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/sdgl 194th SCSI disk whole disk
@@ -2135,7 +2151,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
133 block SCSI disk devices (208-223)
0 = /dev/sdha 209th SCSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/sdhb 210th SCSI disk whole disk
@@ -2147,7 +2162,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
134 block SCSI disk devices (224-239)
0 = /dev/sdhq 225th SCSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/sdhr 226th SCSI disk whole disk
@@ -2159,7 +2173,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
135 block SCSI disk devices (240-255)
0 = /dev/sdig 241st SCSI disk whole disk
16 = /dev/sdih 242nd SCSI disk whole disk
@@ -2171,7 +2184,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
partitions is 15.
-
136-143 char Unix98 PTY slaves
0 = /dev/pts/0 First Unix98 pseudo-TTY
1 = /dev/pts/1 Second Unix98 pesudo-TTY
@@ -2384,6 +2396,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
...
159 char RESERVED
+
159 block RESERVED
160 char General Purpose Instrument Bus (GPIB)
@@ -2427,7 +2440,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
Partitions are handled in the same way as for IDE
disks (see major number 3) except that the limit on
- partitions is 31.
+ partitions is 31.
162 char Raw block device interface
0 = /dev/rawctl Raw I/O control device
@@ -2483,7 +2496,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
171 char Reserved for IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
-
172 char Moxa Intellio serial card
0 = /dev/ttyMX0 First Moxa port
1 = /dev/ttyMX1 Second Moxa port
@@ -2543,9 +2555,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
64 = /dev/usb/rio500 Diamond Rio 500
65 = /dev/usb/usblcd USBLCD Interface (info@usblcd.de)
66 = /dev/usb/cpad0 Synaptics cPad (mouse/LCD)
- 67 = /dev/usb/adutux0 1st Ontrak ADU device
- ...
- 76 = /dev/usb/adutux10 10th Ontrak ADU device
96 = /dev/usb/hiddev0 1st USB HID device
...
111 = /dev/usb/hiddev15 16th USB HID device
@@ -2558,7 +2567,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
132 = /dev/usb/idmouse ID Mouse (fingerprint scanner) device
133 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga1 First SiSUSB VGA device
...
- 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eigth SISUSB VGA device
+ 140 = /dev/usb/sisusbvga8 Eighth SISUSB VGA device
144 = /dev/usb/lcd USB LCD device
160 = /dev/usb/legousbtower0 1st USB Legotower device
...
@@ -2571,7 +2580,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
0 = /dev/uba First USB block device
8 = /dev/ubb Second USB block device
16 = /dev/ubc Third USB block device
- ...
+ ...
181 char Conrad Electronic parallel port radio clocks
0 = /dev/pcfclock0 First Conrad radio clock
@@ -2657,7 +2666,7 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
32 = /dev/mvideo/status2 Third device
...
...
- 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
+ 240 = /dev/mvideo/status15 16th device
...
195 char Nvidia graphics devices
@@ -2795,6 +2804,10 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
...
185 = /dev/ttyNX15 Hilscher netX serial port 15
186 = /dev/ttyJ0 JTAG1 DCC protocol based serial port emulation
+ 187 = /dev/ttyUL0 Xilinx uartlite - port 0
+ ...
+ 190 = /dev/ttyUL3 Xilinx uartlite - port 3
+ 191 = /dev/xvc0 Xen virtual console - port 0
205 char Low-density serial ports (alternate device)
0 = /dev/culu0 Callout device for ttyLU0
@@ -2832,7 +2845,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
82 = /dev/cuvr0 Callout device for ttyVR0
83 = /dev/cuvr1 Callout device for ttyVR1
-
206 char OnStream SC-x0 tape devices
0 = /dev/osst0 First OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
1 = /dev/osst1 Second OnStream SCSI tape, mode 0
@@ -2922,7 +2934,6 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
...
212 char LinuxTV.org DVB driver subsystem
-
0 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/video0 first video decoder of first card
1 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/audio0 first audio decoder of first card
2 = /dev/dvb/adapter0/sec0 (obsolete/unused)
@@ -3008,9 +3019,9 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
2 = /dev/3270/tub2 Second 3270 terminal
...
-229 char IBM iSeries virtual console
- 0 = /dev/iseries/vtty0 First console port
- 1 = /dev/iseries/vtty1 Second console port
+229 char IBM iSeries/pSeries virtual console
+ 0 = /dev/hvc0 First console port
+ 1 = /dev/hvc1 Second console port
...
230 char IBM iSeries virtual tape
@@ -3083,12 +3094,14 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
234-239 UNASSIGNED
240-254 char LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
+
240-254 block LOCAL/EXPERIMENTAL USE
Allocated for local/experimental use. For devices not
assigned official numbers, these ranges should be
used in order to avoid conflicting with future assignments.
255 char RESERVED
+
255 block RESERVED
This major is reserved to assist the expansion to a
@@ -3115,7 +3128,20 @@ Your cooperation is appreciated.
257 char Phoenix Technologies Cryptographic Services Driver
0 = /dev/ptlsec Crypto Services Driver
-
+257 block SSFDC Flash Translation Layer filesystem
+ 0 = /dev/ssfdca First SSFDC layer
+ 8 = /dev/ssfdcb Second SSFDC layer
+ 16 = /dev/ssfdcc Third SSFDC layer
+ 24 = /dev/ssfdcd 4th SSFDC layer
+ 32 = /dev/ssfdce 5th SSFDC layer
+ 40 = /dev/ssfdcf 6th SSFDC layer
+ 48 = /dev/ssfdcg 7th SSFDC layer
+ 56 = /dev/ssfdch 8th SSFDC layer
+
+258 block ROM/Flash read-only translation layer
+ 0 = /dev/blockrom0 First ROM card's translation layer interface
+ 1 = /dev/blockrom1 Second ROM card's translation layer interface
+ ...
**** ADDITIONAL /dev DIRECTORY ENTRIES
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
index eb1a6cad21e..790ef6fbe49 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/Locking
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ sync_fs: no no read
write_super_lockfs: ?
unlockfs: ?
statfs: no no no
-remount_fs: no yes maybe (see below)
+remount_fs: yes yes maybe (see below)
clear_inode: no
umount_begin: yes no no
show_options: no (vfsmount->sem)
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt
index 3d744773895..345392c4cae 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/fuse.txt
@@ -51,6 +51,22 @@ homepage:
http://fuse.sourceforge.net/
+Filesystem type
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The filesystem type given to mount(2) can be one of the following:
+
+'fuse'
+
+ This is the usual way to mount a FUSE filesystem. The first
+ argument of the mount system call may contain an arbitrary string,
+ which is not interpreted by the kernel.
+
+'fuseblk'
+
+ The filesystem is block device based. The first argument of the
+ mount system call is interpreted as the name of the device.
+
Mount options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -94,6 +110,11 @@ Mount options
The default is infinite. Note that the size of read requests is
limited anyway to 32 pages (which is 128kbyte on i386).
+'blksize=N'
+
+ Set the block size for the filesystem. The default is 512. This
+ option is only valid for 'fuseblk' type mounts.
+
Control filesystem
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt b/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt
index d8172241801..253b50d1328 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/sysv-fs.txt
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
-This is the implementation of the SystemV/Coherent filesystem for Linux.
It implements all of
- Xenix FS,
- SystemV/386 FS,
- Coherent FS.
-This is version beta 4.
-
To install:
* Answer the 'System V and Coherent filesystem support' question with 'y'
when configuring the kernel.
@@ -28,11 +25,173 @@ Bugs in the present implementation:
for this FS on hard disk yet.
-Please report any bugs and suggestions to
- Bruno Haible <haible@ma2s2.mathematik.uni-karlsruhe.de>
- Pascal Haible <haible@izfm.uni-stuttgart.de>
- Krzysztof G. Baranowski <kgb@manjak.knm.org.pl>
+These filesystems are rather similar. Here is a comparison with Minix FS:
+
+* Linux fdisk reports on partitions
+ - Minix FS 0x81 Linux/Minix
+ - Xenix FS ??
+ - SystemV FS ??
+ - Coherent FS 0x08 AIX bootable
+
+* Size of a block or zone (data allocation unit on disk)
+ - Minix FS 1024
+ - Xenix FS 1024 (also 512 ??)
+ - SystemV FS 1024 (also 512 and 2048)
+ - Coherent FS 512
+
+* General layout: all have one boot block, one super block and
+ separate areas for inodes and for directories/data.
+ On SystemV Release 2 FS (e.g. Microport) the first track is reserved and
+ all the block numbers (including the super block) are offset by one track.
+
+* Byte ordering of "short" (16 bit entities) on disk:
+ - Minix FS little endian 0 1
+ - Xenix FS little endian 0 1
+ - SystemV FS little endian 0 1
+ - Coherent FS little endian 0 1
+ Of course, this affects only the file system, not the data of files on it!
+
+* Byte ordering of "long" (32 bit entities) on disk:
+ - Minix FS little endian 0 1 2 3
+ - Xenix FS little endian 0 1 2 3
+ - SystemV FS little endian 0 1 2 3
+ - Coherent FS PDP-11 2 3 0 1
+ Of course, this affects only the file system, not the data of files on it!
+
+* Inode on disk: "short", 0 means non-existent, the root dir ino is:
+ - Minix FS 1
+ - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS 2
+
+* Maximum number of hard links to a file:
+ - Minix FS 250
+ - Xenix FS ??
+ - SystemV FS ??
+ - Coherent FS >=10000
+
+* Free inode management:
+ - Minix FS a bitmap
+ - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS
+ There is a cache of a certain number of free inodes in the super-block.
+ When it is exhausted, new free inodes are found using a linear search.
+
+* Free block management:
+ - Minix FS a bitmap
+ - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS
+ Free blocks are organized in a "free list". Maybe a misleading term,
+ since it is not true that every free block contains a pointer to
+ the next free block. Rather, the free blocks are organized in chunks
+ of limited size, and every now and then a free block contains pointers
+ to the free blocks pertaining to the next chunk; the first of these
+ contains pointers and so on. The list terminates with a "block number"
+ 0 on Xenix FS and SystemV FS, with a block zeroed out on Coherent FS.
+
+* Super-block location:
+ - Minix FS block 1 = bytes 1024..2047
+ - Xenix FS block 1 = bytes 1024..2047
+ - SystemV FS bytes 512..1023
+ - Coherent FS block 1 = bytes 512..1023
+
+* Super-block layout:
+ - Minix FS
+ unsigned short s_ninodes;
+ unsigned short s_nzones;
+ unsigned short s_imap_blocks;
+ unsigned short s_zmap_blocks;
+ unsigned short s_firstdatazone;
+ unsigned short s_log_zone_size;
+ unsigned long s_max_size;
+ unsigned short s_magic;
+ - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS
+ unsigned short s_firstdatazone;
+ unsigned long s_nzones;
+ unsigned short s_fzone_count;
+ unsigned long s_fzones[NICFREE];
+ unsigned short s_finode_count;
+ unsigned short s_finodes[NICINOD];
+ char s_flock;
+ char s_ilock;
+ char s_modified;
+ char s_rdonly;
+ unsigned long s_time;
+ short s_dinfo[4]; -- SystemV FS only
+ unsigned long s_free_zones;
+ unsigned short s_free_inodes;
+ short s_dinfo[4]; -- Xenix FS only
+ unsigned short s_interleave_m,s_interleave_n; -- Coherent FS only
+ char s_fname[6];
+ char s_fpack[6];
+ then they differ considerably:
+ Xenix FS
+ char s_clean;
+ char s_fill[371];
+ long s_magic;
+ long s_type;
+ SystemV FS
+ long s_fill[12 or 14];
+ long s_state;
+ long s_magic;
+ long s_type;
+ Coherent FS
+ unsigned long s_unique;
+ Note that Coherent FS has no magic.
+
+* Inode layout:
+ - Minix FS
+ unsigned short i_mode;
+ unsigned short i_uid;
+ unsigned long i_size;
+ unsigned long i_time;
+ unsigned char i_gid;
+ unsigned char i_nlinks;
+ unsigned short i_zone[7+1+1];
+ - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS
+ unsigned short i_mode;
+ unsigned short i_nlink;
+ unsigned short i_uid;
+ unsigned short i_gid;
+ unsigned long i_size;
+ unsigned char i_zone[3*(10+1+1+1)];
+ unsigned long i_atime;
+ unsigned long i_mtime;
+ unsigned long i_ctime;
+
+* Regular file data blocks are organized as
+ - Minix FS
+ 7 direct blocks
+ 1 indirect block (pointers to blocks)
+ 1 double-indirect block (pointer to pointers to blocks)
+ - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS
+ 10 direct blocks
+ 1 indirect block (pointers to blocks)
+ 1 double-indirect block (pointer to pointers to blocks)
+ 1 triple-indirect block (pointer to pointers to pointers to blocks)
+
+* Inode size, inodes per block
+ - Minix FS 32 32
+ - Xenix FS 64 16
+ - SystemV FS 64 16
+ - Coherent FS 64 8
+
+* Directory entry on disk
+ - Minix FS
+ unsigned short inode;
+ char name[14/30];
+ - Xenix FS, SystemV FS, Coherent FS
+ unsigned short inode;
+ char name[14];
+
+* Dir entry size, dir entries per block
+ - Minix FS 16/32 64/32
+ - Xenix FS 16 64
+ - SystemV FS 16 64
+ - Coherent FS 16 32
+
+* How to implement symbolic links such that the host fsck doesn't scream:
+ - Minix FS normal
+ - Xenix FS kludge: as regular files with chmod 1000
+ - SystemV FS ??
+ - Coherent FS kludge: as regular files with chmod 1000
-Bruno Haible
-<haible@ma2s2.mathematik.uni-karlsruhe.de>
+Notation: We often speak of a "block" but mean a zone (the allocation unit)
+and not the disk driver's notion of "block".
diff --git a/Documentation/i386/boot.txt b/Documentation/i386/boot.txt
index c51314b1a46..9575de300a6 100644
--- a/Documentation/i386/boot.txt
+++ b/Documentation/i386/boot.txt
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
----------------------------
H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
- Last update 2005-09-02
+ Last update 2006-11-17
On the i386 platform, the Linux kernel uses a rather complicated boot
convention. This has evolved partially due to historical aspects, as
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ Protocol 2.03: (Kernel 2.4.18-pre1) Explicitly makes the highest possible
initrd address available to the bootloader.
Protocol 2.04: (Kernel 2.6.14) Extend the syssize field to four bytes.
+Protocol 2.05: (Kernel 2.6.20) Make protected mode kernel relocatable.
+ Introduce relocatable_kernel and kernel_alignment fields.
**** MEMORY LAYOUT
@@ -129,6 +131,8 @@ Offset Proto Name Meaning
0226/2 N/A pad1 Unused
0228/4 2.02+ cmd_line_ptr 32-bit pointer to the kernel command line
022C/4 2.03+ initrd_addr_max Highest legal initrd address
+0230/4 2.05+ kernel_alignment Physical addr alignment required for kernel
+0234/1 2.05+ relocatable_kernel Whether kernel is relocatable or not
(1) For backwards compatibility, if the setup_sects field contains 0, the
real value is 4.
diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
index 2e1898e4e8f..b79bcdf1631 100644
--- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
+++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
@@ -599,8 +599,6 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
hugepages= [HW,IA-32,IA-64] Maximal number of HugeTLB pages.
- noirqbalance [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
-
i8042.direct [HW] Put keyboard port into non-translated mode
i8042.dumbkbd [HW] Pretend that controller can only read data from
keyboard and cannot control its state
@@ -650,6 +648,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
idle= [HW]
Format: idle=poll or idle=halt
+ ignore_loglevel [KNL]
+ Ignore loglevel setting - this will print /all/
+ kernel messages to the console. Useful for debugging.
+
ihash_entries= [KNL]
Set number of hash buckets for inode cache.
@@ -714,7 +716,12 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
Format: <RDP>,<reset>,<pci_scan>,<verbosity>
isolcpus= [KNL,SMP] Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler.
- Format: <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
+ Format:
+ <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>
+ or
+ <cpu number>-<cpu number> (must be a positive range in ascending order)
+ or a mixture
+ <cpu number>,...,<cpu number>-<cpu number>
This option can be used to specify one or more CPUs
to isolate from the general SMP balancing and scheduling
algorithms. The only way to move a process onto or off
@@ -1012,6 +1019,10 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
emulation library even if a 387 maths coprocessor
is present.
+ noaliencache [MM, NUMA] Disables the allcoation of alien caches in
+ the slab allocator. Saves per-node memory, but will
+ impact performance on real NUMA hardware.
+
noalign [KNL,ARM]
noapic [SMP,APIC] Tells the kernel to not make use of any
@@ -1052,9 +1063,14 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
in certain environments such as networked servers or
real-time systems.
+ noirqbalance [IA-32,SMP,KNL] Disable kernel irq balancing
+
noirqdebug [IA-32] Disables the code which attempts to detect and
disable unhandled interrupt sources.
+ no_timer_check [IA-32,X86_64,APIC] Disables the code which tests for
+ broken timer IRQ sources.
+
noisapnp [ISAPNP] Disables ISA PnP code.
noinitrd [RAM] Tells the kernel not to load any configured
@@ -1285,6 +1301,7 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
Param: "schedule" - profile schedule points.
Param: <number> - step/bucket size as a power of 2 for
statistical time based profiling.
+ Param: "sleep" - profile D-state sleeping (millisecs)
processor.max_cstate= [HW,ACPI]
Limit processor to maximum C-state
@@ -1366,6 +1383,12 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
resume= [SWSUSP]
Specify the partition device for software suspend
+ resume_offset= [SWSUSP]
+ Specify the offset from the beginning of the partition
+ given by "resume=" at which the swap header is located,
+ in <PAGE_SIZE> units (needed only for swap files).
+ See Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
+
rhash_entries= [KNL,NET]
Set number of hash buckets for route cache
@@ -1732,6 +1755,9 @@ and is between 256 and 4096 characters. It is defined in the file
norandmaps Don't use address space randomization
Equivalent to echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space
+ unwind_debug=N N > 0 will enable dwarf2 unwinder debugging
+ This is useful to get more information why
+ you got a "dwarf2 unwinder stuck"
______________________________________________________________________
diff --git a/Documentation/power/s2ram.txt b/Documentation/power/s2ram.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b05f512130e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/power/s2ram.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+ How to get s2ram working
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+ 2006 Linus Torvalds
+ 2006 Pavel Machek
+
+1) Check suspend.sf.net, program s2ram there has long whitelist of
+ "known ok" machines, along with tricks to use on each one.
+
+2) If that does not help, try reading tricks.txt and
+ video.txt. Perhaps problem is as simple as broken module, and
+ simple module unload can fix it.
+
+3) You can use Linus' TRACE_RESUME infrastructure, described below.
+
+ Using TRACE_RESUME
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+I've been working at making the machines I have able to STR, and almost
+always it's a driver that is buggy. Thank God for the suspend/resume
+debugging - the thing that Chuck tried to disable. That's often the _only_
+way to debug these things, and it's actually pretty powerful (but
+time-consuming - having to insert TRACE_RESUME() markers into the device
+driver that doesn't resume and recompile and reboot).
+
+Anyway, the way to debug this for people who are interested (have a
+machine that doesn't boot) is:
+
+ - enable PM_DEBUG, and PM_TRACE
+
+ - use a script like this:
+
+ #!/bin/sh
+ sync
+ echo 1 > /sys/power/pm_trace
+ echo mem > /sys/power/state
+
+ to suspend
+
+ - if it doesn't come back up (which is usually the problem), reboot by
+ holding the power button down, and look at the dmesg output for things
+ like
+
+ Magic number: 4:156:725
+ hash matches drivers/base/power/resume.c:28
+ hash matches device 0000:01:00.0
+
+ which means that the last trace event was just before trying to resume
+ device 0000:01:00.0. Then figure out what driver is controlling that
+ device (lspci and /sys/devices/pci* is your friend), and see if you can
+ fix it, disable it, or trace into its resume function.
+
+For example, the above happens to be the VGA device on my EVO, which I
+used to run with "radeonfb" (it's an ATI Radeon mobility). It turns out
+that "radeonfb" simply cannot resume that device - it tries to set the
+PLL's, and it just _hangs_. Using the regular VGA console and letting X
+resume it instead works fine.
diff --git a/Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt b/Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..06f911a5f88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/power/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+Using swap files with software suspend (swsusp)
+ (C) 2006 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
+
+The Linux kernel handles swap files almost in the same way as it handles swap
+partitions and there are only two differences between these two types of swap
+areas:
+(1) swap files need not be contiguous,
+(2) the header of a swap file is not in the first block of the partition that
+holds it. From the swsusp's point of view (1) is not a problem, because it is
+already taken care of by the swap-handling code, but (2) has to be taken into
+consideration.
+
+In principle the location of a swap file's header may be determined with the
+help of appropriate filesystem driver. Unfortunately, however, it requires the
+filesystem holding the swap file to be mounted, and if this filesystem is
+journaled, it cannot be mounted during resume from disk. For this reason to
+identify a swap file swsusp uses the name of the partition that holds the file
+and the offset from the beginning of the partition at which the swap file's
+header is located. For convenience, this offset is expressed in <PAGE_SIZE>
+units.
+
+In order to use a swap file with swsusp, you need to:
+
+1) Create the swap file and make it active, eg.
+
+# dd if=/dev/zero of=<swap_file_path> bs=1024 count=<swap_file_size_in_k>
+# mkswap <swap_file_path>
+# swapon <swap_file_path>
+
+2) Use an application that will bmap the swap file with the help of the
+FIBMAP ioctl and determine the location of the file's swap header, as the
+offset, in <PAGE_SIZE> units, from the beginning of the partition which
+holds the swap file.
+
+3) Add the following parameters to the kernel command line:
+
+resume=<swap_file_partition> resume_offset=<swap_file_offset>
+
+where <swap_file_partition> is the partition on which the swap file is located
+and <swap_file_offset> is the offset of the swap header determined by the
+application in 2) (of course, this step may be carried out automatically
+by the same application that determies the swap file's header offset using the
+FIBMAP ioctl)
+
+OR
+
+Use a userland suspend application that will set the partition and offset
+with the help of the SNAPSHOT_SET_SWAP_AREA ioctl described in
+Documentation/power/userland-swsusp.txt (this is the only method to suspend
+to a swap file allowing the resume to be initiated from an initrd or initramfs
+image).
+
+Now, swsusp will use the swap file in the same way in which it would use a swap
+partition. In particular, the swap file has to be active (ie. be present in
+/proc/swaps) so that it can be used for suspending.
+
+Note that if the swap file used for suspending is deleted and recreated,
+the location of its header need not be the same as before. Thus every time
+this happens the value of the "resume_offset=" kernel command line parameter
+has to be updated.
diff --git a/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt b/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt
index e635e6f1e31..0761ff6c57e 100644
--- a/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt
+++ b/Documentation/power/swsusp.txt
@@ -297,20 +297,12 @@ system is shut down or suspended. Additionally use the encrypted
suspend image to prevent sensitive data from being stolen after
resume.
-Q: Why can't we suspend to a swap file?
+Q: Can I suspend to a swap file?
-A: Because accessing swap file needs the filesystem mounted, and
-filesystem might do something wrong (like replaying the journal)
-during mount.
-
-There are few ways to get that fixed:
-
-1) Probably could be solved by modifying every filesystem to support
-some kind of "really read-only!" option. Patches welcome.
-
-2) suspend2 gets around that by storing absolute positions in on-disk
-image (and blocksize), with resume parameter pointing directly to
-suspend header.
+A: Generally, yes, you can. However, it requires you to use the "resume=" and
+"resume_offset=" kernel command line parameters, so the resume from a swap file
+cannot be initiated from an initrd or initramfs image. See
+swsusp-and-swap-files.txt for details.
Q: Is there a maximum system RAM size that is supported by swsusp?
diff --git a/Documentation/power/userland-swsusp.txt b/Documentation/power/userland-swsusp.txt
index 64755e9285d..000556c932e 100644
--- a/Documentation/power/userland-swsusp.txt
+++ b/Documentation/power/userland-swsusp.txt
@@ -9,9 +9,8 @@ done it already.
Now, to use the userland interface for software suspend you need special
utilities that will read/write the system memory snapshot from/to the
kernel. Such utilities are available, for example, from
-<http://www.sisk.pl/kernel/utilities/suspend>. You may want to have
-a look at them if you are going to develop your own suspend/resume
-utilities.
+<http://suspend.sourceforge.net>. You may want to have a look at them if you
+are going to develop your own suspend/resume utilities.
The interface consists of a character device providing the open(),
release(), read(), and write() operations as well as several ioctl()
@@ -21,9 +20,9 @@ be read from /sys/class/misc/snapshot/dev.
The device can be open either for reading or for writing. If open for
reading, it is considered to be in the suspend mode. Otherwise it is
-assumed to be in the resume mode. The device cannot be open for reading
-and writing. It is also impossible to have the device open more than once
-at a time.
+assumed to be in the resume mode. The device cannot be open for simultaneous
+reading and writing. It is also impossible to have the device open more than
+once at a time.
The ioctl() commands recognized by the device are:
@@ -69,9 +68,46 @@ SNAPSHOT_FREE_SWAP_PAGES - free all swap pages allocated with
SNAPSHOT_SET_SWAP_FILE - set the resume partition (the last ioctl() argument
should specify the device's major and minor numbers in the old
two-byte format, as returned by the stat() function in the .st_rdev
- member of the stat structure); it is recommended to always use this
- call, because the code to set the resume partition could be removed from
- future kernels
+ member of the stat structure)
+
+SNAPSHOT_SET_SWAP_AREA - set the resume partition and the offset (in <PAGE_SIZE>
+ units) from the beginning of the partition at which the swap header is
+ located (the last ioctl() argument should point to a struct
+ resume_swap_area, as defined in kernel/power/power.h, containing the
+ resume device specification, as for the SNAPSHOT_SET_SWAP_FILE ioctl(),
+ and the offset); for swap partitions the offset is always 0, but it is
+ different to zero for swap files (please see
+ Documentation/swsusp-and-swap-files.txt for details).
+ The SNAPSHOT_SET_SWAP_AREA ioctl() is considered as a replacement for
+ SNAPSHOT_SET_SWAP_FILE which is regarded as obsolete. It is
+ recommended to always use this call, because the code to set the resume
+ partition may be removed from future kernels
+
+SNAPSHOT_S2RAM - suspend to RAM; using this call causes the kernel to
+ immediately enter the suspend-to-RAM state, so this call must always
+ be preceded by the SNAPSHOT_FREEZE call and it is also necessary
+ to use the SNAPSHOT_UNFREEZE call after the system wakes up. This call
+ is needed to implement the suspend-to-both mechanism in which the
+ suspend image is first created, as though the system had been suspended
+ to disk, and then the system is suspended to RAM (this makes it possible
+ to resume the system from RAM if there's enough battery power or restore
+ its state on the basis of the saved suspend image otherwise)
+
+SNAPSHOT_PMOPS - enable the usage of the pmops->prepare, pmops->enter and
+ pmops->finish methods (the in-kernel swsusp knows these as the "platform
+ method") which are needed on many machines to (among others) speed up
+ the resume by letting the BIOS skip some steps or to let the system
+ recognise the correct state of the hardware after the resume (in
+ particular on many machines this ensures that unplugged AC
+ adapters get correctly detected and that kacpid does not run wild after
+ the resume). The last ioctl() argument can take one of the three
+ values, defined in kernel/power/power.h:
+ PMOPS_PREPARE - make the kernel carry out the
+ pm_ops->prepare(PM_SUSPEND_DISK) operation
+ PMOPS_ENTER - make the kernel power off the system by calling
+ pm_ops->enter(PM_SUSPEND_DISK)
+ PMOPS_FINISH - make the kernel carry out the
+ pm_ops->finish(PM_SUSPEND_DISK) operation
The device's read() operation can be used to transfer the snapshot image from
the kernel. It has the following limitations:
@@ -91,10 +127,12 @@ unfreeze user space processes frozen by SNAPSHOT_UNFREEZE if they are
still frozen when the device is being closed).
Currently it is assumed that the userland utilities reading/writing the
-snapshot image from/to the kernel will use a swap partition, called the resume
-partition, as storage space. However, this is not really required, as they
-can use, for example, a special (blank) suspend partition or a file on a partition
-that is unmounted before SNAPSHOT_ATOMIC_SNAPSHOT and mounted afterwards.
+snapshot image from/to the kernel will use a swap parition, called the resume
+partition, or a swap file as storage space (if a swap file is used, the resume
+partition is the partition that holds this file). However, this is not really
+required, as they can use, for example, a special (blank) suspend partition or
+a file on a partition that is unmounted before SNAPSHOT_ATOMIC_SNAPSHOT and
+mounted afterwards.
These utilities SHOULD NOT make any assumptions regarding the ordering of
data within the snapshot image, except for the image header that MAY be
diff --git a/Documentation/stable_api_nonsense.txt b/Documentation/stable_api_nonsense.txt
index f39c9d714db..a2afca3b2ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/stable_api_nonsense.txt
+++ b/Documentation/stable_api_nonsense.txt
@@ -62,9 +62,6 @@ consider the following facts about the Linux kernel:
- different structures can contain different fields
- Some functions may not be implemented at all, (i.e. some locks
compile away to nothing for non-SMP builds.)
- - Parameter passing of variables from function to function can be
- done in different ways (the CONFIG_REGPARM option controls
- this.)
- Memory within the kernel can be aligned in different ways,
depending on the build options.
- Linux runs on a wide range of different processor architectures.
diff --git a/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt b/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
index 0bc7f1e3c9e..5922e84d913 100644
--- a/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sysctl/kernel.txt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ show up in /proc/sys/kernel:
- hotplug
- java-appletviewer [ binfmt_java, obsolete ]
- java-interpreter [ binfmt_java, obsolete ]
+- kstack_depth_to_print [ X86 only ]
- l2cr [ PPC only ]
- modprobe ==> Documentation/kmod.txt
- msgmax
@@ -170,6 +171,13 @@ This flag controls the L2 cache of G3 processor boards. If
==============================================================
+kstack_depth_to_print: (X86 only)
+
+Controls the number of words to print when dumping the raw
+kernel stack.
+
+==============================================================
+
osrelease, ostype & version:
# cat osrelease
diff --git a/Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt b/Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt
index f3c57f43ba6..dbdcaf68e3e 100644
--- a/Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/x86_64/boot-options.txt
@@ -52,10 +52,6 @@ APICs
apicmaintimer. Useful when your PIT timer is totally
broken.
- disable_8254_timer / enable_8254_timer
- Enable interrupt 0 timer routing over the 8254 in addition to over
- the IO-APIC. The kernel tries to set a sensible default.
-
Early Console
syntax: earlyprintk=vga
@@ -183,7 +179,7 @@ PCI
IOMMU
iommu=[size][,noagp][,off][,force][,noforce][,leak][,memaper[=order]][,merge]
- [,forcesac][,fullflush][,nomerge][,noaperture]
+ [,forcesac][,fullflush][,nomerge][,noaperture][,calgary]
size set size of iommu (in bytes)
noagp don't initialize the AGP driver and use full aperture.
off don't use the IOMMU
@@ -204,6 +200,7 @@ IOMMU
buffering.
nodac Forbid DMA >4GB
panic Always panic when IOMMU overflows
+ calgary Use the Calgary IOMMU if it is available
swiotlb=pages[,force]
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-12-03 00:03:16 +0000