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2009-09-09xen: make -fstack-protector work under XenJeremy Fitzhardinge
-fstack-protector uses a special per-cpu "stack canary" value. gcc generates special code in each function to test the canary to make sure that the function's stack hasn't been overrun. On x86-64, this is simply an offset of %gs, which is the usual per-cpu base segment register, so setting it up simply requires loading %gs's base as normal. On i386, the stack protector segment is %gs (rather than the usual kernel percpu %fs segment register). This requires setting up the full kernel GDT and then loading %gs accordingly. We also need to make sure %gs is initialized when bringing up secondary cpus too. To keep things consistent, we do the full GDT/segment register setup on both architectures. Because we need to avoid -fstack-protected code before setting up the GDT and because there's no way to disable it on a per-function basis, several files need to have stack-protector inhibited. [ Impact: allow Xen booting with stack-protector enabled ] Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
2009-08-20Merge branch 'bugfix' of ↵Ingo Molnar
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jeremy/xen into x86/urgent
2009-08-19xen: rearrange things to fix stackprotectorJeremy Fitzhardinge
Make sure the stack-protector segment registers are properly set up before calling any functions which may have stack-protection compiled into them. [ Impact: prevent Xen early-boot crash when stack-protector is enabled ] Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com>
2009-05-15x86: Fix performance regression caused by paravirt_ops on native kernelsJeremy Fitzhardinge
Xiaohui Xin and some other folks at Intel have been looking into what's behind the performance hit of paravirt_ops when running native. It appears that the hit is entirely due to the paravirtualized spinlocks introduced by: | commit 8efcbab674de2bee45a2e4cdf97de16b8e609ac8 | Date: Mon Jul 7 12:07:51 2008 -0700 | | paravirt: introduce a "lock-byte" spinlock implementation The extra call/return in the spinlock path is somehow causing an increase in the cycles/instruction of somewhere around 2-7% (seems to vary quite a lot from test to test). The working theory is that the CPU's pipeline is getting upset about the call->call->locked-op->return->return, and seems to be failing to speculate (though I haven't seen anything definitive about the precise reasons). This doesn't entirely make sense, because the performance hit is also visible on unlock and other operations which don't involve locked instructions. But spinlock operations clearly swamp all the other pvops operations, even though I can't imagine that they're nearly as common (there's only a .05% increase in instructions executed). If I disable just the pv-spinlock calls, my tests show that pvops is identical to non-pvops performance on native (my measurements show that it is actually about .1% faster, but Xiaohui shows a .05% slowdown). Summary of results, averaging 10 runs of the "mmperf" test, using a no-pvops build as baseline: nopv Pv-nospin Pv-spin CPU cycles 100.00% 99.89% 102.18% instructions 100.00% 100.10% 100.15% CPI 100.00% 99.79% 102.03% cache ref 100.00% 100.84% 100.28% cache miss 100.00% 90.47% 88.56% cache miss rate 100.00% 89.72% 88.31% branches 100.00% 99.93% 100.04% branch miss 100.00% 103.66% 107.72% branch miss rt 100.00% 103.73% 107.67% wallclock 100.00% 99.90% 102.20% The clear effect here is that the 2% increase in CPI is directly reflected in the final wallclock time. (The other interesting effect is that the more ops are out of line calls via pvops, the lower the cache access and miss rates. Not too surprising, but it suggests that the non-pvops kernel is over-inlined. On the flipside, the branch misses go up correspondingly...) So, what's the fix? Paravirt patching turns all the pvops calls into direct calls, so _spin_lock etc do end up having direct calls. For example, the compiler generated code for paravirtualized _spin_lock is: <_spin_lock+0>: mov %gs:0xb4c8,%rax <_spin_lock+9>: incl 0xffffffffffffe044(%rax) <_spin_lock+15>: callq *0xffffffff805a5b30 <_spin_lock+22>: retq The indirect call will get patched to: <_spin_lock+0>: mov %gs:0xb4c8,%rax <_spin_lock+9>: incl 0xffffffffffffe044(%rax) <_spin_lock+15>: callq <__ticket_spin_lock> <_spin_lock+20>: nop; nop /* or whatever 2-byte nop */ <_spin_lock+22>: retq One possibility is to inline _spin_lock, etc, when building an optimised kernel (ie, when there's no spinlock/preempt instrumentation/debugging enabled). That will remove the outer call/return pair, returning the instruction stream to a single call/return, which will presumably execute the same as the non-pvops case. The downsides arel 1) it will replicate the preempt_disable/enable code at eack lock/unlock callsite; this code is fairly small, but not nothing; and 2) the spinlock definitions are already a very heavily tangled mass of #ifdefs and other preprocessor magic, and making any changes will be non-trivial. The other obvious answer is to disable pv-spinlocks. Making them a separate config option is fairly easy, and it would be trivial to enable them only when Xen is enabled (as the only non-default user). But it doesn't really address the common case of a distro build which is going to have Xen support enabled, and leaves the open question of whether the native performance cost of pv-spinlocks is worth the performance improvement on a loaded Xen system (10% saving of overall system CPU when guests block rather than spin). Still it is a reasonable short-term workaround. [ Impact: fix pvops performance regression when running native ] Analysed-by: "Xin Xiaohui" <xiaohui.xin@intel.com> Analysed-by: "Li Xin" <xin.li@intel.com> Analysed-by: "Nakajima Jun" <jun.nakajima@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de> Cc: Xen-devel <xen-devel@lists.xensource.com> LKML-Reference: <4A0B62F7.5030802@goop.org> [ fixed the help text ] Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2009-02-04xen: make direct versions of irq_enable/disable/save/restore to common codeJeremy Fitzhardinge
Now that x86-64 has directly accessible percpu variables, it can also implement the direct versions of these operations, which operate on a vcpu_info structure directly embedded in the percpu area. In fact, the 64-bit versions are more or less identical, and so can be shared. The only two differences are: 1. xen_restore_fl_direct takes its argument in eax on 32-bit, and rdi on 64-bit. Unfortunately it isn't possible to directly refer to the 2nd lsb of rdi directly (as you can with %ah), so the code isn't quite as dense. 2. check_events needs to variants to save different registers. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
2008-10-20ftrace: rename FTRACE to FUNCTION_TRACERSteven Rostedt
Due to confusion between the ftrace infrastructure and the gcc profiling tracer "ftrace", this patch renames the config options from FTRACE to FUNCTION_TRACER. The other two names that are offspring from FTRACE DYNAMIC_FTRACE and FTRACE_MCOUNT_RECORD will stay the same. This patch was generated mostly by script, and partially by hand. Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-08-21xen: add debugfs supportJeremy Fitzhardinge
Add support for exporting statistics on mmu updates, multicall batching and pv spinlocks into debugfs. The base path is xen/ and each subsystem adds its own directory: mmu, multicalls, spinlocks. In each directory, writing 1 to "zero_stats" will cause the corresponding stats to be zeroed the next time they're updated. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Acked-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-07-31xen: compile irq functions without -pg for ftraceJeremy Fitzhardinge
For some reason I managed to miss a bunch of irq-related functions which also need to be compiled without -pg when using ftrace. This patch moves them into their own file, and starts a cleanup process I've been meaning to do anyway. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Cc: Sam Ravnborg <sam@ravnborg.org> Cc: "Alex Nixon (Intern)" <Alex.Nixon@eu.citrix.com> Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-07-24x86: split spinlock implementations out into their own filesJeremy Fitzhardinge
ftrace requires certain low-level code, like spinlocks and timestamps, to be compiled without -pg in order to avoid infinite recursion. This patch splits out the core paravirt spinlocks and the Xen spinlocks into separate files which can be compiled without -pg. Also do xen/time.c while we're about it. As a result, we can now use ftrace within a Xen domain. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-07-16xen64: add 64-bit assemblerJeremy Fitzhardinge
Split xen-asm into 32- and 64-bit files, and implement the 64-bit variants. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Cc: Stephen Tweedie <sct@redhat.com> Cc: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com> Cc: Mark McLoughlin <markmc@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
2008-05-27xen: implement save/restoreJeremy Fitzhardinge
This patch implements Xen save/restore and migration. Saving is triggered via xenbus, which is polled in drivers/xen/manage.c. When a suspend request comes in, the kernel prepares itself for saving by: 1 - Freeze all processes. This is primarily to prevent any partially-completed pagetable updates from confusing the suspend process. If CONFIG_PREEMPT isn't defined, then this isn't necessary. 2 - Suspend xenbus and other devices 3 - Stop_machine, to make sure all the other vcpus are quiescent. The Xen tools require the domain to run its save off vcpu0. 4 - Within the stop_machine state, it pins any unpinned pgds (under construction or destruction), performs canonicalizes various other pieces of state (mostly converting mfns to pfns), and finally 5 - Suspend the domain Restore reverses the steps used to save the domain, ending when all the frozen processes are thawed. Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-05-27xen: Move manage.c to drivers/xen for ia64/xen supportIsaku Yamahata
move arch/x86/xen/manage.c under drivers/xen/to share codes with x86 and ia64. ia64/xen also uses manage.c Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: make grant table arch portableIsaku Yamahata
split out x86 specific part from grant-table.c and allow ia64/xen specific initialization. ia64/xen grant table is based on pseudo physical address (guest physical address) unlike x86/xen. On ia64 init_mm doesn't map identity straight mapped area. ia64/xen specific grant table initialization is necessary. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: move events.c to drivers/xen for IA64/Xen supportIsaku Yamahata
move arch/x86/xen/events.c undedr drivers/xen to share codes with x86 and ia64. And minor adjustment to compile. ia64/xen also uses events.c Signed-off-by: Yaozu (Eddie) Dong <eddie.dong@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2008-04-24xen: move features.c from arch/x86/xen/features.c to drivers/xenIsaku Yamahata
ia64/xen also uses it too. Move it into common place so that ia64/xen can share the code. Signed-off-by: Isaku Yamahata <yamahata@valinux.co.jp> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy.fitzhardinge@citrix.com> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
2007-10-11i386: move xenThomas Gleixner
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>