| Age | Commit message (Collapse) | Author |
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It is a fairly common operation to have a pointer to a work and to need a
pointer to the delayed work it is contained in. In particular, all
delayed works which want to rearm themselves will have to do that. So it
would seem fair to offer a helper function for this operation.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Herbert Xu <herbert@gondor.apana.org.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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A new "address_space flag"--AS_MM_ALL_LOCKS--was defined to use the next
available AS flag while the Unevictable LRU was under development. The
Unevictable LRU was using the same flag and "no one" noticed. Current
mainline, since 2.6.28, has same value for two symbolic flag names.
So, define a unique flag value for AS_UNEVICTABLE--up close to the other
flags, [at the cost of an additional #ifdef] so we'll notice next time.
Note that #ifdef is not actually required, if we don't mind having the
unused flag value defined.
Replace #defines with an enum.
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.28.x, 2.6.29.x]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Include fiemap.h in header-y; it defines the interface for the
FS_IOC_FIEMAP file mapping ioctl.
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Fix a number of issues with the per-MM VMA patch:
(1) Make mmap_pages_allocated an atomic_long_t, just in case this is used on
a NOMMU system with more than 2G pages. Makes no difference on a 32-bit
system.
(2) Report vma->vm_pgoff * PAGE_SIZE as a 64-bit value, not a 32-bit value,
lest it overflow.
(3) Move the allocation of the vm_area_struct slab back for fork.c.
(4) Use KMEM_CACHE() for both vm_area_struct and vm_region slabs.
(5) Use BUG_ON() rather than if () BUG().
(6) Make the default validate_nommu_regions() a static inline rather than a
#define.
(7) Make free_page_series()'s objection to pages with a refcount != 1 more
informative.
(8) Adjust the __put_nommu_region() banner comment to indicate that the
semaphore must be held for writing.
(9) Limit the number of warnings about munmaps of non-mmapped regions.
Reported-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This fixes a build failure with generic debug pagealloc:
mm/debug-pagealloc.c: In function 'set_page_poison':
mm/debug-pagealloc.c:8: error: 'struct page' has no member named 'debug_flags'
mm/debug-pagealloc.c: In function 'clear_page_poison':
mm/debug-pagealloc.c:13: error: 'struct page' has no member named 'debug_flags'
mm/debug-pagealloc.c: In function 'page_poison':
mm/debug-pagealloc.c:18: error: 'struct page' has no member named 'debug_flags'
mm/debug-pagealloc.c: At top level:
mm/debug-pagealloc.c:120: error: redefinition of 'kernel_map_pages'
include/linux/mm.h:1278: error: previous definition of 'kernel_map_pages' was here
mm/debug-pagealloc.c: In function 'kernel_map_pages':
mm/debug-pagealloc.c:122: error: 'debug_pagealloc_enabled' undeclared (first use in this function)
by fixing
- debug_flags should be in struct page
- define DEBUG_PAGEALLOC config option for all architectures
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Alexander Beregalov <a.beregalov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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* 'for-linus' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/nfs-2.6: (58 commits)
SUNRPC: Ensure IPV6_V6ONLY is set on the socket before binding to a port
NSM: Fix unaligned accesses in nsm_init_private()
NFS: Simplify logic to compare socket addresses in client.c
NFS: Start PF_INET6 callback listener only if IPv6 support is available
lockd: Start PF_INET6 listener only if IPv6 support is available
SUNRPC: Remove CONFIG_SUNRPC_REGISTER_V4
SUNRPC: rpcb_register() should handle errors silently
SUNRPC: Simplify kernel RPC service registration
SUNRPC: Simplify svc_unregister()
SUNRPC: Allow callers to pass rpcb_v4_register a NULL address
SUNRPC: rpcbind actually interprets r_owner string
SUNRPC: Clean up address type casts in rpcb_v4_register()
SUNRPC: Don't return EPROTONOSUPPORT in svc_register()'s helpers
SUNRPC: Use IPv4 loopback for registering AF_INET6 kernel RPC services
SUNRPC: Set IPV6ONLY flag on PF_INET6 RPC listener sockets
NFS: Revert creation of IPv6 listeners for lockd and NFSv4 callbacks
SUNRPC: Remove @family argument from svc_create() and svc_create_pooled()
SUNRPC: Change svc_create_xprt() to take a @family argument
SUNRPC: svc_setup_socket() gets protocol family from socket
SUNRPC: Pass a family argument to svc_register()
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4
* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (33 commits)
ext4: Regularize mount options
ext4: fix locking typo in mballoc which could cause soft lockup hangs
ext4: fix typo which causes a memory leak on error path
jbd2: Update locking coments
ext4: Rename pa_linear to pa_type
ext4: add checks of block references for non-extent inodes
ext4: Check for an valid i_mode when reading the inode from disk
ext4: Use WRITE_SYNC for commits which are caused by fsync()
ext4: Add auto_da_alloc mount option
ext4: Use struct flex_groups to calculate get_orlov_stats()
ext4: Use atomic_t's in struct flex_groups
ext4: remove /proc tuning knobs
ext4: Add sysfs support
ext4: Track lifetime disk writes
ext4: Fix discard of inode prealloc space with delayed allocation.
ext4: Automatically allocate delay allocated blocks on rename
ext4: Automatically allocate delay allocated blocks on close
ext4: add EXT4_IOC_ALLOC_DA_BLKS ioctl
ext4: Simplify delalloc code by removing mpage_da_writepages()
ext4: Save stack space by removing fake buffer heads
...
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* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bart/ide-2.6: (59 commits)
ide-floppy: do not complete rq's prematurely
ide: be able to build pmac driver without IDE built-in
ide-pmac: IDE cable detection on Apple PowerBook
ide: inline SELECT_DRIVE()
ide: turn selectproc() method into dev_select() method (take 5)
MAINTAINERS: move old ide-{floppy,tape} entries to CREDITS (take 2)
ide: move data register access out of tf_{read|load}() methods (take 2)
ide: call {in|out}put_data() methods from tf_{read|load}() methods (take 2)
ide-io-std: shorten ide_{in|out}put_data()
ide: rename IDE_TFLAG_IN_[HOB_]FEATURE
ide: turn set_irq() method into write_devctl() method
ide: use ATA_HOB
ide-disk: use ATA_ERR
ide: add support for CFA specified transfer modes (take 3)
ide-iops: only clear DMA words on setting DMA mode
ide: identify data word 53 bit 1 doesn't cover words 62 and 63 (take 3)
au1xxx-ide: auide_{in|out}sw() should be static
ide-floppy: use ide_pio_bytes()
ide-{floppy,tape}: fix padding for PIO transfers
ide: remove CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDEDOUBLER config option
...
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jbarnes/pci-2.6
* 'linux-next' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jbarnes/pci-2.6: (88 commits)
PCI: fix HT MSI mapping fix
PCI: don't enable too much HT MSI mapping
x86/PCI: make pci=lastbus=255 work when acpi is on
PCI: save and restore PCIe 2.0 registers
PCI: update fakephp for bus_id removal
PCI: fix kernel oops on bridge removal
PCI: fix conflict between SR-IOV and config space sizing
powerpc/PCI: include pci.h in powerpc MSI implementation
PCI Hotplug: schedule fakephp for feature removal
PCI Hotplug: rename legacy_fakephp to fakephp
PCI Hotplug: restore fakephp interface with complete reimplementation
PCI: Introduce /sys/bus/pci/devices/.../rescan
PCI: Introduce /sys/bus/pci/devices/.../remove
PCI: Introduce /sys/bus/pci/rescan
PCI: Introduce pci_rescan_bus()
PCI: do not enable bridges more than once
PCI: do not initialize bridges more than once
PCI: always scan child buses
PCI: pci_scan_slot() returns newly found devices
PCI: don't scan existing devices
...
Fix trivial append-only conflict in Documentation/feature-removal-schedule.txt
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Before:
text data bss dec hex filename
3648 2910 32 6590 19be drivers/video/backlight/backlight.o
3226 2812 32 6070 17b6 drivers/video/backlight/lcd.o
30990 16688 8480 56158 db5e drivers/video/console/fbcon.o
15488 8400 24 23912 5d68 drivers/video/fbmem.o
After:
text data bss dec hex filename
3537 2870 32 6439 1927 drivers/video/backlight/backlight.o
3131 2772 32 5935 172f drivers/video/backlight/lcd.o
30876 16648 8480 56004 dac4 drivers/video/console/fbcon.o
15506 8400 24 23930 5d7a drivers/video/fbmem.o
Cc: Andrea Righi <righi.andrea@gmail.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@poczta.fm>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add an accelerator constant so almost all Cirrus are recognized as
accelerators by the fbset command.
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Helt <krzysztof.h1@wp.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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- the LEAP_YEAR macro is buggy - it references its arg multiple times.
Fix this by turning it into a C function.
- give it a more approriate name
- Move it to rtc.h so that other .c files can use it, instead of copying it.
Cc: dann frazier <dannf@hp.com>
Acked-by: Alessandro Zummo <alessandro.zummo@towertech.it>
Cc: stephane eranian <eranian@googlemail.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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autofs_dev-ioctl.h is included by both the kernel module and user space tools
and it includes two kernel header files. Compiles work if the kernel headers
are installed but fail otherwise.
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Implement full support for OF SPI bindings. Now the driver can manage its
own chip selects without any help from the board files and/or fsl_soc
constructors.
The "legacy" code is well isolated and could be removed as time goes by.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@gate.crashing.org>
Cc: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The main purpose of this patch is to pass 'struct spi_device' to the chip
select handling routines. This is needed so that we could implement
full-fledged OpenFirmware support for this driver.
While at it, also:
- Replace two {de,activate}_cs routines by single cs_contol().
- Don't duplicate platform data callbacks in mpc83xx_spi struct.
Signed-off-by: Anton Vorontsov <avorontsov@ru.mvista.com>
Cc: David Brownell <david-b@pacbell.net>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Kumar Gala <galak@gate.crashing.org>
Cc: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Introduce new wakeup macros that allow passing an event mask to the wakeup
targets. They exactly mimic their non-_poll() counterpart, with the added
event mask passing capability. I did add only the ones currently
requested, avoiding the _nr() and _all() for the moment.
Signed-off-by: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@movementarian.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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This patchset introduces wakeup hints for some of the most popular (from
epoll POV) devices, so that epoll code can avoid spurious wakeups on its
waiters.
The problem with epoll is that the callback-based wakeups do not, ATM,
carry any information about the events the wakeup is related to. So the
only choice epoll has (not being able to call f_op->poll() from inside the
callback), is to add the file* to a ready-list and resolve the real events
later on, at epoll_wait() (or its own f_op->poll()) time. This can cause
spurious wakeups, since the wake_up() itself might be for an event the
caller is not interested into.
The rate of these spurious wakeup can be pretty high in case of many
network sockets being monitored.
By allowing devices to report the events the wakeups refer to (at least
the two major classes - POLLIN/POLLOUT), we are able to spare useless
wakeups by proper handling inside the epoll's poll callback.
Epoll will have in any case to call f_op->poll() on the file* later on,
since the change to be done in order to have the full event set sent via
wakeup, is too invasive for the way our f_op->poll() system works (the
full event set is calculated inside the poll function - there are too many
of them to even start thinking the change - also poll/select would need
change too).
Epoll is changed in a way that both devices which send event hints, and
the ones that don't, are correctly handled. The former will gain some
efficiency though.
As a general rule for devices, would be to add an event mask by using
key-aware wakeup macros, when making up poll wait queues. I tested it
(together with the epoll's poll fix patch Andrew has in -mm) and wakeups
for the supported devices are correctly filtered.
Test program available here:
http://www.xmailserver.org/epoll_test.c
This patch:
Nothing revolutionary here. Just using the available "key" that our
wakeup core already support. The __wake_up_locked_key() was no brainer,
since both __wake_up_locked() and __wake_up_locked_key() are thin wrappers
around __wake_up_common().
The __wake_up_sync() function had a body, so the choice was between
borrowing the body for __wake_up_sync_key() and calling it from
__wake_up_sync(), or make an inline and calling it from both. I chose the
former since in most archs it all resolves to "mov $0, REG; jmp ADDR".
Signed-off-by: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: William Lee Irwin III <wli@movementarian.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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People started using eventfd in a semaphore-like way where before they
were using pipes.
That is, counter-based resource access. Where a "wait()" returns
immediately by decrementing the counter by one, if counter is greater than
zero. Otherwise will wait. And where a "post(count)" will add count to
the counter releasing the appropriate amount of waiters. If eventfd the
"post" (write) part is fine, while the "wait" (read) does not dequeue 1,
but the whole counter value.
The problem with eventfd is that a read() on the fd returns and wipes the
whole counter, making the use of it as semaphore a little bit more
cumbersome. You can do a read() followed by a write() of COUNTER-1, but
IMO it's pretty easy and cheap to make this work w/out extra steps. This
patch introduces a new eventfd flag that tells eventfd to only dequeue 1
from the counter, allowing simple read/write to make it behave like a
semaphore. Simple test here:
http://www.xmailserver.org/eventfd-sem.c
To be back-compatible with earlier kernels, userspace applications should
probe for the availability of this feature via
#ifdef EFD_SEMAPHORE
fd = eventfd2 (CNT, EFD_SEMAPHORE);
if (fd == -1 && errno == EINVAL)
<fallback>
#else
<fallback>
#endif
Signed-off-by: Davide Libenzi <davidel@xmailserver.org>
Cc: <linux-api@vger.kernel.org>
Tested-by: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Ulrich Drepper <drepper@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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We cover all log-levels by pr_... macros except KERN_CONT one. Add it
for convenience.
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Now that the filesystem freeze operation has been elevated to the VFS, and
is just an ioctl away, some sort of safety net for unintentionally frozen
root filesystems may be in order.
The timeout thaw originally proposed did not get merged, but perhaps
something like this would be useful in emergencies.
For example, freeze /path/to/mountpoint may freeze your root filesystem if
you forgot that you had that unmounted.
I chose 'j' as the last remaining character other than 'h' which is sort
of reserved for help (because help is generated on any unknown character).
I've tested this on a non-root fs with multiple (nested) freezers, as well
as on a system rendered unresponsive due to a frozen root fs.
[randy.dunlap@oracle.com: emergency thaw only if CONFIG_BLOCK enabled]
Signed-off-by: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Cc: Takashi Sato <t-sato@yk.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add the ability to 'resize' the loop device on the fly.
One practical application is a loop file with XFS filesystem, already
mounted: You can easily enlarge the file (append some bytes) and then call
ioctl(fd, LOOP_SET_CAPACITY, new); The loop driver will learn about the
new size and you can use xfs_growfs later on, which will allow you to use
full capacity of the loop file without the need to unmount.
Test app:
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/loop.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <getopt.h>
char *me;
void usage(FILE *f)
{
fprintf(f, "%s [options] loop_dev [backend_file]\n"
"-s, --set new_size_in_bytes\n"
"\twhen backend_file is given, "
"it will be expanded too while keeping the original contents\n",
me);
}
struct option opts[] = {
{
.name = "set",
.has_arg = 1,
.flag = NULL,
.val = 's'
},
{
.name = "help",
.has_arg = 0,
.flag = NULL,
.val = 'h'
}
};
void err_size(char *name, __u64 old)
{
fprintf(stderr, "size must be larger than current %s (%llu)\n",
name, old);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int fd, err, c, i, bfd;
ssize_t ssz;
size_t sz;
__u64 old, new, append;
char a[BUFSIZ];
struct stat st;
FILE *out;
char *backend, *dev;
err = EINVAL;
out = stderr;
me = argv[0];
new = 0;
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "s:h", opts, &i)) != -1) {
switch (c) {
case 's':
errno = 0;
new = strtoull(optarg, NULL, 0);
if (errno) {
err = errno;
perror(argv[i]);
goto out;
}
break;
case 'h':
err = 0;
out = stdout;
goto err;
default:
perror(argv[i]);
goto err;
}
}
if (optind < argc)
dev = argv[optind++];
else
goto err;
fd = open(dev, O_RDONLY);
if (fd < 0) {
err = errno;
perror(dev);
goto out;
}
err = ioctl(fd, BLKGETSIZE64, &old);
if (err) {
err = errno;
perror("ioctl BLKGETSIZE64");
goto out;
}
if (!new) {
printf("%llu\n", old);
goto out;
}
if (new < old) {
err = EINVAL;
err_size(dev, old);
goto out;
}
if (optind < argc) {
backend = argv[optind++];
bfd = open(backend, O_WRONLY|O_APPEND);
if (bfd < 0) {
err = errno;
perror(backend);
goto out;
}
err = fstat(bfd, &st);
if (err) {
err = errno;
perror(backend);
goto out;
}
if (new < st.st_size) {
err = EINVAL;
err_size(backend, st.st_size);
goto out;
}
append = new - st.st_size;
sz = sizeof(a);
while (append > 0) {
if (append < sz)
sz = append;
ssz = write(bfd, a, sz);
if (ssz != sz) {
err = errno;
perror(backend);
goto out;
}
append -= sz;
}
err = fsync(bfd);
if (err) {
err = errno;
perror(backend);
goto out;
}
}
err = ioctl(fd, LOOP_SET_CAPACITY, new);
if (err) {
err = errno;
perror("ioctl LOOP_SET_CAPACITY");
}
goto out;
err:
usage(out);
out:
return err;
}
Signed-off-by: J. R. Okajima <hooanon05@yahoo.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Tomas Matejicek <tomas@slax.org>
Cc: <util-linux-ng@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Karel Zak <kzak@redhat.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: <linux-api@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Make the following header file changes:
- remove arch ifdefs and asm/suspend.h from linux/suspend.h
- add asm/suspend.h to disk.c (for arch_prepare_suspend())
- add linux/io.h to swsusp.c (for ioremap())
- x86 32/64 bit compile fixes
Signed-off-by: Magnus Damm <damm@igel.co.jp>
Cc: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Acked-by: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@sisk.pl>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Synopsis: if shmem_writepage calls swap_writepage directly, most shmem
swap loads benefit, and a catastrophic interaction between SLUB and some
flash storage is avoided.
shmem_writepage() has always been peculiar in making no attempt to write:
it has just transferred a shmem page from file cache to swap cache, then
let that page make its way around the LRU again before being written and
freed.
The idea was that people use tmpfs because they want those pages to stay
in RAM; so although we give it an overflow to swap, we should resist
writing too soon, giving those pages a second chance before they can be
reclaimed.
That was always questionable, and I've toyed with this patch for years;
but never had a clear justification to depart from the original design.
It became more questionable in 2.6.28, when the split LRU patches classed
shmem and tmpfs pages as SwapBacked rather than as file_cache: that in
itself gives them more resistance to reclaim than normal file pages. I
prepared this patch for 2.6.29, but the merge window arrived before I'd
completed gathering statistics to justify sending it in.
Then while comparing SLQB against SLUB, running SLUB on a laptop I'd
habitually used with SLAB, I found SLUB to run my tmpfs kbuild swapping
tests five times slower than SLAB or SLQB - other machines slower too, but
nowhere near so bad. Simpler "cp -a" swapping tests showed the same.
slub_max_order=0 brings sanity to all, but heavy swapping is too far from
normal to justify such a tuning. The crucial factor on that laptop turns
out to be that I'm using an SD card for swap. What happens is this:
By default, SLUB uses order-2 pages for shmem_inode_cache (and many other
fs inodes), so creating tmpfs files under memory pressure brings lumpy
reclaim into play. One subpage of the order is chosen from the bottom of
the LRU as usual, then the other three picked out from their random
positions on the LRUs.
In a tmpfs load, many of these pages will be ones which already passed
through shmem_writepage, so already have swap allocated. And though their
offsets on swap were probably allocated sequentially, now that the pages
are picked off at random, their swap offsets are scattered.
But the flash storage on the SD card is very sensitive to having its
writes merged: once swap is written at scattered offsets, performance
falls apart. Rotating disk seeks increase too, but less disastrously.
So: stop giving shmem/tmpfs pages a second pass around the LRU, write them
out to swap as soon as their swap has been allocated.
It's surely possible to devise an artificial load which runs faster the
old way, one whose sizing is such that the tmpfs pages on their second
pass are the ones that are wanted again, and other pages not.
But I've not yet found such a load: on all machines, under the loads I've
tried, immediate swap_writepage speeds up shmem swapping: especially when
using the SLUB allocator (and more effectively than slub_max_order=0), but
also with the others; and it also reduces the variance between runs. How
much faster varies widely: a factor of five is rare, 5% is common.
One load which might have suffered: imagine a swapping shmem load in a
limited mem_cgroup on a machine with plenty of memory. Before 2.6.29 the
swapcache was not charged, and such a load would have run quickest with
the shmem swapcache never written to swap. But now swapcache is charged,
so even this load benefits from shmem_writepage directly to swap.
Apologies for the #ifndef CONFIG_SWAP swap_writepage() stub in swap.h:
it's silly because that will never get called; but refactoring shmem.c
sensibly according to CONFIG_SWAP will be a separate task.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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try_to_free_pages() is used for the direct reclaim of up to
SWAP_CLUSTER_MAX pages when watermarks are low. The caller to
alloc_pages_nodemask() can specify a nodemask of nodes that are allowed to
be used but this is not passed to try_to_free_pages(). This can lead to
unnecessary reclaim of pages that are unusable by the caller and int the
worst case lead to allocation failure as progress was not been make where
it is needed.
This patch passes the nodemask used for alloc_pages_nodemask() to
try_to_free_pages().
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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The mlock() facility does not exist for NOMMU since all mappings are
effectively locked anyway, so we don't make the bits available when
they're not useful.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Greg Ungerer <gerg@snapgear.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Enrik Berkhan <Enrik.Berkhan@ge.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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x86 has debug_kmap_atomic_prot() which is error checking function for
kmap_atomic. It is usefull for the other architectures, although it needs
CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS_SUPPORT.
This patch exposes it to the other architectures.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Change the page_mkwrite prototype to take a struct vm_fault, and return
VM_FAULT_xxx flags. There should be no functional change.
This makes it possible to return much more detailed error information to
the VM (and also can provide more information eg. virtual_address to the
driver, which might be important in some special cases).
This is required for a subsequent fix. And will also make it easier to
merge page_mkwrite() with fault() in future.
Signed-off-by: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: Chris Mason <chris.mason@oracle.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@fys.uio.no>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Cc: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Mark Fasheh <mfasheh@suse.com>
Cc: Joel Becker <joel.becker@oracle.com>
Cc: Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind@infradead.org>
Cc: Felix Blyakher <felixb@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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On PowerPC we allocate large boot time hashes on node 0. This leads to an
imbalance in the free memory, for example on a 64GB box (4 x 16GB nodes):
Free memory:
Node 0: 97.03%
Node 1: 98.54%
Node 2: 98.42%
Node 3: 98.53%
If we switch to using vmalloc (like ia64 and x86-64) things are more
balanced:
Free memory:
Node 0: 97.53%
Node 1: 98.35%
Node 2: 98.33%
Node 3: 98.33%
For many HPC applications we are limited by the free available memory on
the smallest node, so even though the same amount of memory is used the
better balancing helps.
Since all 64bit NUMA capable architectures should have sufficient vmalloc
space, it makes sense to enable it via CONFIG_64BIT.
Signed-off-by: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Acked-by: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Addresses http://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9838
On i386, HZ=1000, jiffies_to_clock_t() converts time in a somewhat strange
way from the user's point of view:
# echo 500 >/proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
# cat /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
499
So, we have 5000 jiffies converted to only 499 clock ticks and reported
back.
TICK_NSEC = 999848
ACTHZ = 256039
Keeping in-kernel variable in units passed from userspace will fix issue
of course, but this probably won't be right for every sysctl.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC is now supported by x86, powerpc, sparc64, and
s390. This patch implements it for the rest of the architectures by
filling the pages with poison byte patterns after free_pages() and
verifying the poison patterns before alloc_pages().
This generic one cannot detect invalid page accesses immediately but
invalid read access may cause invalid dereference by poisoned memory and
invalid write access can be detected after a long delay.
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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I notice there are many places doing copy_from_user() which follows
kmalloc():
dst = kmalloc(len, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!dst)
return -ENOMEM;
if (copy_from_user(dst, src, len)) {
kfree(dst);
return -EFAULT
}
memdup_user() is a wrapper of the above code. With this new function, we
don't have to write 'len' twice, which can lead to typos/mistakes. It
also produces smaller code and kernel text.
A quick grep shows 250+ places where memdup_user() *may* be used. I'll
prepare a patchset to do this conversion.
Signed-off-by: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Americo Wang <xiyou.wangcong@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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pagevec_swap_free() is now unused.
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Add a helper function account_page_dirtied(). Use that from two
callsites. reiser4 adds a function which adds a third callsite.
Signed-off-by: Edward Shishkin<edward.shishkin@gmail.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Impact: cleanup
In almost cases, for_each_zone() is used with populated_zone(). It's
because almost function doesn't need memoryless node information.
Therefore, for_each_populated_zone() can help to make code simplify.
This patch has no functional change.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: small cleanup]
Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Andrew pointed out get_mm_hiwater_xxx() evaluate "mm" argument thrice/twice,
make them inline.
Signed-off-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Reviewed-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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struct tty_operations::proc_fops took it's place and there is one less
create_proc_read_entry() user now!
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Used for gradual switch of TTY drivers from using ->read_proc which helps
with gradual switch from ->read_proc for the whole tree.
As side effect, fix possible race condition when ->data initialized after
PDE is hooked into proc tree.
->proc_fops takes precedence over ->read_proc.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
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Since SELECT_DRIVE() has boiled down to a mere dev_select() method call, it now
makes sense to just inline it...
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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Turn selectproc() method into dev_select() method by teaching it to write to the
device register and moving it from 'struct ide_port_ops' to 'struct ide_tp_ops'.
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Cc: benh@kernel.crashing.org
Cc: petkovbb@gmail.com
[bart: add ->dev_select to at91_ide.c and tx4939.c (__BIG_ENDIAN case)]
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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The feature register has never been readable -- when its location is read, one
gets the error register value; hence rename IDE_TFLAG_IN_[HOB_]FEATURE into
IDE_TFLAG_IN_[HOB_]ERROR and introduce the 'hob_error' field into the 'struct
ide_taskfile' (despite the error register not really depending on the HOB bit).
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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Turn set_irq() method with its software reset hack into write_devctl() method
(for just writing a value into the device control register) at last...
Signed-off-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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* Fix ide_init_sg_cmd() setup for non-fs requests.
* Convert ide_pc_intr() to use ide_pio_bytes() for floppy media.
* Remove no longer needed ide_io_buffers() and sg/sg_cnt fields
from struct ide_atapi_pc.
* Remove partial completions; kill idefloppy_update_buffers(), as a
result.
* Add some more debugging statements.
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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struct ide_atapi_pc is often allocated on the stack and size of ->pc_buf
size is 256 bytes. However since only ide_floppy_create_read_capacity_cmd()
and idetape_create_inquiry_cmd() require such size allocate buffers for
these pc-s explicitely and decrease ->pc_buf size to 64 bytes.
Cc: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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* Move ide_map_sg() calls out from ide_build_sglist()
to ide_dma_prepare().
* Pass command to ide_destroy_dmatable().
* Rename ide_build_sglist() to ide_dma_map_sg()
and ide_destroy_dmatable() to ide_dma_unmap_sg().
There should be no functional changes caused by this patch.
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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* Add (an optional) ->dma_check method for checking if DMA can be
used for a given command and fail DMA setup in ide_dma_prepare()
if necessary.
* Convert alim15x3 and trm290 host drivers to use ->dma_check.
* Rename ali15x3_dma_setup() to ali_dma_check() while at it.
There should be no functional changes caused by this patch.
Acked-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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* Add ide_dma_prepare() helper.
* Convert ide_issue_pc() and do_rw_taskfile() to use it.
* Make ide_build_sglist() static.
There should be no functional changes caused by this patch.
Acked-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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Move ide_destroy_dmatable() call out from ->dma_end method to
{ide_pc,cdrom_newpc,ide_dma}_intr(), ide_dma_timeout_retry()
and sgiioc4_resetproc().
This causes minor/safe behavior changes w.r.t.:
* cmd64x.c::cmd64{8,x}_dma_end()
* cs5536.c::cs5536_dma_end()
* icside.c::icside_dma_end()
* it821x.c::it821x_dma_end()
* scc_pata.c::__scc_dma_end()
* sl82c105.c::sl82c105_dma_end()
* tx4939ide.c::tx4939ide_dma_end()
v2:
* Fix build for CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IDEDMA=n (reported by Randy Dunlap).
Cc: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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All custom ->dma_timeout implementations call the generic one thus it is
possible to have only an optional method for resetting DMA engine instead:
* Add ->dma_clear method and convert hpt366, pdc202xx_old and sl82c105
host drivers to use it.
* Always use ide_dma_timeout() in ide_dma_timeout_retry() and remove
->dma_timeout method.
* Make ide_dma_timeout() static.
There should be no functional changes caused by this patch.
Acked-by: Sergei Shtylyov <sshtylyov@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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We now support arbitrary number of bytes per-IRQ also for fs requests
so remove ide_cd_check_transfer_size() and IDE_AFLAG_LIMIT_NFRAMES.
Cc: Borislav Petkov <petkovbb@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
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