path: root/drivers/media/video/cx18/cx18-driver.c

/*
 *  cx18 driver initialization and card probing
 *
 *  Derived from ivtv-driver.c
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2007  Hans Verkuil <hverkuil@xs4all.nl>
 *  Copyright (C) 2008  Andy Walls <awalls@radix.net>
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
 *  02111-1307  USA
 */

#include "cx18-driver.h"
#include "cx18-io.h"
#include "cx18-version.h"
#include "cx18-cards.h"
#include "cx18-i2c.h"
#include "cx18-irq.h"
#include "cx18-gpio.h"
#include "cx18-firmware.h"
#include "cx18-streams.h"
#include "cx18-av-core.h"
#include "cx18-scb.h"
#include "cx18-mailbox.h"
#include "cx18-ioctl.h"
#include "tuner-xc2028.h"

#include <media/tveeprom.h>


/* var to keep track of the number of array elements in use */
int cx18_cards_active;

/* If you have already X v4l cards, then set this to X. This way
   the device numbers stay matched. Example: you have a WinTV card
   without radio and a Compro H900 with. Normally this would give a
   video1 device together with a radio0 device for the Compro. By
   setting this to 1 you ensure that radio0 is now also radio1. */
int cx18_first_minor;

/* Master variable for all cx18 info */
struct cx18 *cx18_cards[CX18_MAX_CARDS];

/* Protects cx18_cards_active */
DEFINE_SPINLOCK(cx18_cards_lock);

/* add your revision and whatnot here */
static struct pci_device_id cx18_pci_tbl[] __devinitdata = {
	{PCI_VENDOR_ID_CX, PCI_DEVICE_ID_CX23418,
	 PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, 0},
	{0,}
};

MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, cx18_pci_tbl);

/* Parameter declarations */
static int cardtype[CX18_MAX_CARDS];
static int tuner[CX18_MAX_CARDS] = { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
static int radio[CX18_MAX_CARDS] = { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
static unsigned cardtype_c = 1;
static unsigned tuner_c = 1;
static unsigned radio_c = 1;
static char pal[] = "--";
static char secam[] = "--";
static char ntsc[] = "-";

/* Buffers */
static int enc_ts_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFFERS;
static int enc_mpg_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFFERS;
static int enc_idx_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_IDX_BUFFERS;
static int enc_yuv_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_YUV_BUFFERS;
static int enc_vbi_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_VBI_BUFFERS;
static int enc_pcm_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFFERS;

static int enc_ts_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFSIZE;
static int enc_mpg_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFSIZE;
static int enc_idx_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_IDX_BUFSIZE;
static int enc_yuv_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_YUV_BUFSIZE;
/* VBI bufsize based on standards supported by card tuner for now */
static int enc_pcm_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFSIZE;

static int enc_ts_bufs = -1;
static int enc_mpg_bufs = -1;
static int enc_idx_bufs = -1;
static int enc_yuv_bufs = -1;
static int enc_vbi_bufs = -1;
static int enc_pcm_bufs = -1;


static int cx18_pci_latency = 1;

static int mmio_ndelay;
static int retry_mmio = 1;

int cx18_debug;

module_param_array(tuner, int, &tuner_c, 0644);
module_param_array(radio, bool, &radio_c, 0644);
module_param_array(cardtype, int, &cardtype_c, 0644);
module_param_string(pal, pal, sizeof(pal), 0644);
module_param_string(secam, secam, sizeof(secam), 0644);
module_param_string(ntsc, ntsc, sizeof(ntsc), 0644);
module_param_named(debug, cx18_debug, int, 0644);
module_param(mmio_ndelay, int, 0644);
module_param(retry_mmio, int, 0644);
module_param(cx18_pci_latency, int, 0644);
module_param(cx18_first_minor, int, 0644);

module_param(enc_ts_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_mpg_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_idx_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_yuv_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_vbi_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_pcm_buffers, int, 0644);

module_param(enc_ts_bufsize, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_mpg_bufsize, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_idx_bufsize, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_yuv_bufsize, int, 0644);
/* VBI bufsize based on standards supported by card tuner for now */
module_param(enc_pcm_bufsize, int, 0644);

module_param(enc_ts_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_mpg_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_idx_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_yuv_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_vbi_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_pcm_bufs, int, 0644);

MODULE_PARM_DESC(tuner, "Tuner type selection,\n"
			"\t\t\tsee tuner.h for values");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(radio,
		 "Enable or disable the radio. Use only if autodetection\n"
		 "\t\t\tfails. 0 = disable, 1 = enable");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(cardtype,
		 "Only use this option if your card is not detected properly.\n"
		 "\t\tSpecify card type:\n"
		 "\t\t\t 1 = Hauppauge HVR 1600 (ESMT memory)\n"
		 "\t\t\t 2 = Hauppauge HVR 1600 (Samsung memory)\n"
		 "\t\t\t 3 = Compro VideoMate H900\n"
		 "\t\t\t 4 = Yuan MPC718\n"
		 "\t\t\t 5 = Conexant Raptor PAL/SECAM\n"
		 "\t\t\t 6 = Toshiba Qosmio DVB-T/Analog\n"
		 "\t\t\t 7 = Leadtek WinFast PVR2100\n"
		 "\t\t\t 0 = Autodetect (default)\n"
		 "\t\t\t-1 = Ignore this card\n\t\t");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(pal, "Set PAL standard: B, G, H, D, K, I, M, N, Nc, 60");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(secam, "Set SECAM standard: B, G, H, D, K, L, LC");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(ntsc, "Set NTSC standard: M, J, K");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug,
		 "Debug level (bitmask). Default: 0\n"
		 "\t\t\t  1/0x0001: warning\n"
		 "\t\t\t  2/0x0002: info\n"
		 "\t\t\t  4/0x0004: mailbox\n"
		 "\t\t\t  8/0x0008: dma\n"
		 "\t\t\t 16/0x0010: ioctl\n"
		 "\t\t\t 32/0x0020: file\n"
		 "\t\t\t 64/0x0040: i2c\n"
		 "\t\t\t128/0x0080: irq\n"
		 "\t\t\t256/0x0100: high volume\n");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(cx18_pci_latency,
		 "Change the PCI latency to 64 if lower: 0 = No, 1 = Yes,\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: Yes");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(retry_mmio,
		 "(Deprecated) MMIO writes are now always checked and retried\n"
		 "\t\t\tEffectively: 1 [Yes]");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(mmio_ndelay,
		 "(Deprecated) MMIO accesses are now never purposely delayed\n"
		 "\t\t\tEffectively: 0 ns");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_ts_buffers,
		 "Encoder TS buffer memory (MB). (enc_ts_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_ts_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder TS buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_ts_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder TS buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_ts_* parameters");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_mpg_buffers,
		 "Encoder MPG buffer memory (MB). (enc_mpg_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_mpg_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder MPG buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_mpg_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder MPG buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_mpg_* parameters");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_idx_buffers,
		 "Encoder IDX buffer memory (MB). (enc_idx_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_IDX_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_idx_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder IDX buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_IDX_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_idx_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder IDX buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_idx_* parameters");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_yuv_buffers,
		 "Encoder YUV buffer memory (MB). (enc_yuv_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_YUV_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_yuv_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder YUV buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_YUV_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_yuv_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder YUV buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_yuv_* parameters");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_vbi_buffers,
		 "Encoder VBI buffer memory (MB). (enc_vbi_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_VBI_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_vbi_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder VBI buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from enc_vbi_buffers & tuner std");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_pcm_buffers,
		 "Encoder PCM buffer memory (MB). (enc_pcm_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_pcm_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder PCM buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_pcm_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder PCM buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_pcm_* parameters");

MODULE_PARM_DESC(cx18_first_minor, "Set kernel number assigned to first card");

MODULE_AUTHOR("Hans Verkuil");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("CX23418 driver");
MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("CX23418 MPEG2 encoder");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

MODULE_VERSION(CX18_VERSION);

/* Generic utility functions */
int cx18_msleep_timeout(unsigned int msecs, int intr)
{
	long int timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(msecs);
	int sig;

	do {
		set_current_state(intr ? TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE : TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
		timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
		sig = intr ? signal_pending(current) : 0;
	} while (!sig && timeout);
	return sig;
}

/* Release ioremapped memory */
static void cx18_iounmap(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	if (cx == NULL)
		return;

	/* Release io memory */
	if (cx->enc_mem != NULL) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("releasing enc_mem\n");
		iounmap(cx->enc_mem);
		cx->enc_mem = NULL;
	}
}

/* Hauppauge card? get values from tveeprom */
void cx18_read_eeprom(struct cx18 *cx, struct tveeprom *tv)
{
	u8 eedata[256];

	cx->i2c_client[0].addr = 0xA0 >> 1;
	tveeprom_read(&cx->i2c_client[0], eedata, sizeof(eedata));
	tveeprom_hauppauge_analog(&cx->i2c_client[0], tv, eedata);
}

static void cx18_process_eeprom(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	struct tveeprom tv;

	cx18_read_eeprom(cx, &tv);

	/* Many thanks to Steven Toth from Hauppauge for providing the
	   model numbers */
	/* Note: the Samsung memory models cannot be reliably determined
	   from the model number. Use the cardtype module option if you
	   have one of these preproduction models. */
	switch (tv.model) {
	case 74000 ... 74999:
		cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
		break;
	case 0:
		CX18_ERR("Invalid EEPROM\n");
		return;
	default:
		CX18_ERR("Unknown model %d, defaulting to HVR-1600\n", tv.model);
		cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
		break;
	}

	cx->v4l2_cap = cx->card->v4l2_capabilities;
	cx->card_name = cx->card->name;
	cx->card_i2c = cx->card->i2c;

	CX18_INFO("Autodetected %s\n", cx->card_name);

	if (tv.tuner_type == TUNER_ABSENT)
		CX18_ERR("tveeprom cannot autodetect tuner!");

	if (cx->options.tuner == -1)
		cx->options.tuner = tv.tuner_type;
	if (cx->options.radio == -1)
		cx->options.radio = (tv.has_radio != 0);

	if (cx->std != 0)
		/* user specified tuner standard */
		return;

	/* autodetect tuner standard */
	if (tv.tuner_formats & V4L2_STD_PAL) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("PAL tuner detected\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_PAL_BG | V4L2_STD_PAL_H;
	} else if (tv.tuner_formats & V4L2_STD_NTSC) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("NTSC tuner detected\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
	} else if (tv.tuner_formats & V4L2_STD_SECAM) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("SECAM tuner detected\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_SECAM_L;
	} else {
		CX18_INFO("No tuner detected, default to NTSC-M\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
	}
}

static v4l2_std_id cx18_parse_std(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	switch (pal[0]) {
	case '6':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_60;
	case 'b':
	case 'B':
	case 'g':
	case 'G':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_BG;
	case 'h':
	case 'H':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_H;
	case 'n':
	case 'N':
		if (pal[1] == 'c' || pal[1] == 'C')
			return V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc;
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_N;
	case 'i':
	case 'I':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_I;
	case 'd':
	case 'D':
	case 'k':
	case 'K':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_DK;
	case 'M':
	case 'm':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_M;
	case '-':
		break;
	default:
		CX18_WARN("pal= argument not recognised\n");
		return 0;
	}

	switch (secam[0]) {
	case 'b':
	case 'B':
	case 'g':
	case 'G':
	case 'h':
	case 'H':
		return V4L2_STD_SECAM_B | V4L2_STD_SECAM_G | V4L2_STD_SECAM_H;
	case 'd':
	case 'D':
	case 'k':
	case 'K':
		return V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK;
	case 'l':
	case 'L':
		if (secam[1] == 'C' || secam[1] == 'c')
			return V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC;
		return V4L2_STD_SECAM_L;
	case '-':
		break;
	default:
		CX18_WARN("secam= argument not recognised\n");
		return 0;
	}

	switch (ntsc[0]) {
	case 'm':
	case 'M':
		return V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
	case 'j':
	case 'J':
		return V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP;
	case 'k':
	case 'K':
		return V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR;
	case '-':
		break;
	default:
		CX18_WARN("ntsc= argument not recognised\n");
		return 0;
	}

	/* no match found */
	return 0;
}

static void cx18_process_options(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i, j;

	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_TS] = enc_ts_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_MPG] = enc_mpg_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX] = enc_idx_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV] = enc_yuv_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] = enc_vbi_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_PCM] = enc_pcm_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_RAD] = 0; /* control only */

	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_TS] = enc_ts_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_MPG] = enc_mpg_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX] = enc_idx_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV] = enc_yuv_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] = enc_vbi_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_PCM] = enc_pcm_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_RAD] = 0; /* control, no data */

	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_TS] = enc_ts_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_MPG] = enc_mpg_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX] = enc_idx_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV] = enc_yuv_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] = 0; /* computed later */
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_PCM] = enc_pcm_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_RAD] = 0; /* control no data */

	/* Except for VBI ensure stream_buffers & stream_buf_size are valid */
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_MAX_STREAMS; i++) {
		/* User said to use 0 buffers */
		if (cx->stream_buffers[i] == 0) {
			cx->options.megabytes[i] = 0;
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] = 0;
			continue;
		}
		/* User said to use 0 MB total */
		if (cx->options.megabytes[i] <= 0) {
			cx->options.megabytes[i] = 0;
			cx->stream_buffers[i] = 0;
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] = 0;
			continue;
		}
		/* VBI is computed later or user said buffer has size 0 */
		if (cx->stream_buf_size[i] <= 0) {
			if (i != CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI) {
				cx->options.megabytes[i] = 0;
				cx->stream_buffers[i] = 0;
				cx->stream_buf_size[i] = 0;
			}
			continue;
		}
		if (cx->stream_buffers[i] < 0) {
			cx->stream_buffers[i] = cx->options.megabytes[i] * 1024
						/ cx->stream_buf_size[i];
		} else {
			/* N.B. This might round down to 0 */
			cx->options.megabytes[i] =
			  cx->stream_buffers[i] * cx->stream_buf_size[i] / 1024;
		}
		cx->stream_buf_size[i] *= 1024; /* convert from kB to bytes */
	}

	cx->options.cardtype = cardtype[cx->num];
	cx->options.tuner = tuner[cx->num];
	cx->options.radio = radio[cx->num];

	cx->std = cx18_parse_std(cx);
	if (cx->options.cardtype == -1) {
		CX18_INFO("Ignore card\n");
		return;
	}
	cx->card = cx18_get_card(cx->options.cardtype - 1);
	if (cx->card)
		CX18_INFO("User specified %s card\n", cx->card->name);
	else if (cx->options.cardtype != 0)
		CX18_ERR("Unknown user specified type, trying to autodetect card\n");
	if (cx->card == NULL) {
		if (cx->pci_dev->subsystem_vendor == CX18_PCI_ID_HAUPPAUGE) {
			cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
			CX18_INFO("Autodetected Hauppauge card\n");
		}
	}
	if (cx->card == NULL) {
		for (i = 0; (cx->card = cx18_get_card(i)); i++) {
			if (cx->card->pci_list == NULL)
				continue;
			for (j = 0; cx->card->pci_list[j].device; j++) {
				if (cx->pci_dev->device !=
				    cx->card->pci_list[j].device)
					continue;
				if (cx->pci_dev->subsystem_vendor !=
				    cx->card->pci_list[j].subsystem_vendor)
					continue;
				if (cx->pci_dev->subsystem_device !=
				    cx->card->pci_list[j].subsystem_device)
					continue;
				CX18_INFO("Autodetected %s card\n", cx->card->name);
				goto done;
			}
		}
	}
done:

	if (cx->card == NULL) {
		cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
		CX18_ERR("Unknown card: vendor/device: [%04x:%04x]\n",
			 cx->pci_dev->vendor, cx->pci_dev->device);
		CX18_ERR("              subsystem vendor/device: [%04x:%04x]\n",
			 cx->pci_dev->subsystem_vendor,
			 cx->pci_dev->subsystem_device);
		CX18_ERR("Defaulting to %s card\n", cx->card->name);
		CX18_ERR("Please mail the vendor/device and subsystem vendor/device IDs and what kind of\n");
		CX18_ERR("card you have to the ivtv-devel mailinglist (www.ivtvdriver.org)\n");
		CX18_ERR("Prefix your subject line with [UNKNOWN CX18 CARD].\n");
	}
	cx->v4l2_cap = cx->card->v4l2_capabilities;
	cx->card_name = cx->card->name;
	cx->card_i2c = cx->card->i2c;
}

/* Precondition: the cx18 structure has been memset to 0. Only
   the dev and num fields have been filled in.
   No assumptions on the card type may be made here (see cx18_init_struct2
   for that).
 */
static int __devinit cx18_init_struct1(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i;

	cx->base_addr = pci_resource_start(cx->pci_dev, 0);

	mutex_init(&cx->serialize_lock);
	mutex_init(&cx->i2c_bus_lock[0]);
	mutex_init(&cx->i2c_bus_lock[1]);
	mutex_init(&cx->gpio_lock);
	mutex_init(&cx->epu2apu_mb_lock);
	mutex_init(&cx->epu2cpu_mb_lock);

	spin_lock_init(&cx->lock);

	cx->work_queue = create_singlethread_workqueue(cx->name);
	if (cx->work_queue == NULL) {
		CX18_ERR("Unable to create work hander thread\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < CX18_MAX_EPU_WORK_ORDERS; i++) {
		cx->epu_work_order[i].cx = cx;
		cx->epu_work_order[i].str = cx->epu_debug_str;
		INIT_WORK(&cx->epu_work_order[i].work, cx18_epu_work_handler);
	}

	/* start counting open_id at 1 */
	cx->open_id = 1;

	/* Initial settings */
	cx2341x_fill_defaults(&cx->params);
	cx->temporal_strength = cx->params.video_temporal_filter;
	cx->spatial_strength = cx->params.video_spatial_filter;
	cx->filter_mode = cx->params.video_spatial_filter_mode |
		(cx->params.video_temporal_filter_mode << 1) |
		(cx->params.video_median_filter_type << 2);
	cx->params.port = CX2341X_PORT_MEMORY;
	cx->params.capabilities = CX2341X_CAP_HAS_TS | CX2341X_CAP_HAS_AC3;
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->cap_w);
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->mb_apu_waitq);
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->mb_cpu_waitq);
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->dma_waitq);

	/* VBI */
	cx->vbi.in.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE;
	cx->vbi.sliced_in = &cx->vbi.in.fmt.sliced;

	/*
	 * The VBI line sizes depend on the pixel clock and the horiz rate
	 *
	 * (1/Fh)*(2*Fp) = Samples/line
	 *     = 4 bytes EAV + Anc data in hblank + 4 bytes SAV + active samples
	 *
	 *  Sliced VBI is sent as ancillary data during horizontal blanking
	 *  Raw VBI is sent as active video samples during vertcal blanking
	 *
	 *  We use a  BT.656 pxiel clock of 13.5 MHz and a BT.656 active line
	 *  length of 720 pixels @ 4:2:2 sampling.  Thus...
	 *
	 *  For systems that use a 15.734 kHz horizontal rate, such as
	 *  NTSC-M, PAL-M, PAL-60, and other 60 Hz/525 line systems, we have:
	 *
	 *  (1/15.734 kHz) * 2 * 13.5 MHz = 1716 samples/line =
	 *  4 bytes SAV + 268 bytes anc data + 4 bytes SAV + 1440 active samples
	 *
	 *  For systems that use a 15.625 kHz horizontal rate, such as
	 *  PAL-B/G/H, PAL-I, SECAM-L and other 50 Hz/625 line systems, we have:
	 *
	 *  (1/15.625 kHz) * 2 * 13.5 MHz = 1728 samples/line =
	 *  4 bytes SAV + 280 bytes anc data + 4 bytes SAV + 1440 active samples
	 *
	 */

	/* FIXME: init these based on tuner std & modify when std changes */
	/* CX18-AV-Core number of VBI samples output per horizontal line */
	cx->vbi.raw_decoder_line_size = 1444;   /* 4 byte SAV + 2 * 720 */
	cx->vbi.sliced_decoder_line_size = 272; /* 60 Hz: 268+4, 50 Hz: 280+4 */

	/* CX18-AV-Core VBI samples/line possibly rounded up */
	cx->vbi.raw_size = 1444;   /* Real max size is 1444 */
	cx->vbi.sliced_size = 284; /* Real max size is  284 */

	/*
	 * CX18-AV-Core SAV/EAV RP codes in VIP 1.x mode
	 * Task Field VerticalBlank HorizontalBlank 0 0 0 0
	 */
	cx->vbi.raw_decoder_sav_odd_field = 0x20;     /*   V  */
	cx->vbi.raw_decoder_sav_even_field = 0x60;    /*  FV  */
	cx->vbi.sliced_decoder_sav_odd_field = 0xB0;  /* T VH - actually EAV */
	cx->vbi.sliced_decoder_sav_even_field = 0xF0; /* TFVH - actually EAV */
	return 0;
}

/* Second initialization part. Here the card type has been
   autodetected. */
static void __devinit cx18_init_struct2(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < CX18_CARD_MAX_VIDEO_INPUTS; i++)
		if (cx->card->video_inputs[i].video_type == 0)
			break;
	cx->nof_inputs = i;
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_CARD_MAX_AUDIO_INPUTS; i++)
		if (cx->card->audio_inputs[i].audio_type == 0)
			break;
	cx->nof_audio_inputs = i;

	/* Find tuner input */
	for (i = 0; i < cx->nof_inputs; i++) {
		if (cx->card->video_inputs[i].video_type ==
				CX18_CARD_INPUT_VID_TUNER)
			break;
	}
	if (i == cx->nof_inputs)
		i = 0;
	cx->active_input = i;
	cx->audio_input = cx->card->video_inputs[i].audio_index;
	cx->av_state.vid_input = CX18_AV_COMPOSITE7;
	cx->av_state.aud_input = CX18_AV_AUDIO8;
	cx->av_state.audclk_freq = 48000;
	cx->av_state.audmode = V4L2_TUNER_MODE_LANG1;
	/* FIXME - 8 is NTSC value, investigate */
	cx->av_state.vbi_line_offset = 8;
}

static int cx18_setup_pci(struct cx18 *cx, struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
			  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
{
	u16 cmd;
	unsigned char pci_latency;

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Enabling pci device\n");

	if (pci_enable_device(pci_dev)) {
		CX18_ERR("Can't enable device %d!\n", cx->num);
		return -EIO;
	}
	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci_dev, 0xffffffff)) {
		CX18_ERR("No suitable DMA available on card %d.\n", cx->num);
		return -EIO;
	}
	if (!request_mem_region(cx->base_addr, CX18_MEM_SIZE, "cx18 encoder")) {
		CX18_ERR("Cannot request encoder memory region on card %d.\n", cx->num);
		return -EIO;
	}

	/* Enable bus mastering and memory mapped IO for the CX23418 */
	pci_read_config_word(pci_dev, PCI_COMMAND, &cmd);
	cmd |= PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY | PCI_COMMAND_MASTER;
	pci_write_config_word(pci_dev, PCI_COMMAND, cmd);

	pci_read_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_CLASS_REVISION, &cx->card_rev);
	pci_read_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, &pci_latency);

	if (pci_latency < 64 && cx18_pci_latency) {
		CX18_INFO("Unreasonably low latency timer, "
			       "setting to 64 (was %d)\n", pci_latency);
		pci_write_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, 64);
		pci_read_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, &pci_latency);
	}

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("cx%d (rev %d) at %02x:%02x.%x, "
		   "irq: %d, latency: %d, memory: 0x%lx\n",
		   cx->pci_dev->device, cx->card_rev, pci_dev->bus->number,
		   PCI_SLOT(pci_dev->devfn), PCI_FUNC(pci_dev->devfn),
		   cx->pci_dev->irq, pci_latency, (unsigned long)cx->base_addr);

	return 0;
}

#ifdef MODULE
static u32 cx18_request_module(struct cx18 *cx, u32 hw,
		const char *name, u32 id)
{
	if ((hw & id) == 0)
		return hw;
	if (request_module(name) != 0) {
		CX18_ERR("Failed to load module %s\n", name);
		return hw & ~id;
	}
	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Loaded module %s\n", name);
	return hw;
}
#endif

static void cx18_load_and_init_modules(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	u32 hw = cx->card->hw_all;
	int i;

#ifdef MODULE
	/* load modules */
#ifdef CONFIG_MEDIA_TUNER_MODULE
	hw = cx18_request_module(cx, hw, "tuner", CX18_HW_TUNER);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_VIDEO_CS5345_MODULE
	hw = cx18_request_module(cx, hw, "cs5345", CX18_HW_CS5345);
#endif
#endif

	/* check which i2c devices are actually found */
	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
		u32 device = 1 << i;

		if (!(device & hw))
			continue;
		if (device == CX18_HW_GPIO || device == CX18_HW_TVEEPROM ||
		    device == CX18_HW_CX23418 || device == CX18_HW_DVB) {
			/* These 'devices' do not use i2c probing */
			cx->hw_flags |= device;
			continue;
		}
		cx18_i2c_register(cx, i);
		if (cx18_i2c_hw_addr(cx, device) > 0)
			cx->hw_flags |= device;
	}

	hw = cx->hw_flags;
}

static int __devinit cx18_probe(struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
				const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
{
	int retval = 0;
	int i;
	int vbi_buf_size;
	u32 devtype;
	struct cx18 *cx;

	spin_lock(&cx18_cards_lock);

	/* Make sure we've got a place for this card */
	if (cx18_cards_active == CX18_MAX_CARDS) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18:  Maximum number of cards detected (%d).\n",
			      cx18_cards_active);
		spin_unlock(&cx18_cards_lock);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	cx = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cx18), GFP_ATOMIC);
	if (!cx) {
		spin_unlock(&cx18_cards_lock);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	cx18_cards[cx18_cards_active] = cx;
	cx->pci_dev = pci_dev;
	cx->num = cx18_cards_active++;
	snprintf(cx->name, sizeof(cx->name), "cx18-%d", cx->num);
	CX18_INFO("Initializing card #%d\n", cx->num);

	spin_unlock(&cx18_cards_lock);

	cx18_process_options(cx);
	if (cx->options.cardtype == -1) {
		retval = -ENODEV;
		goto err;
	}
	if (cx18_init_struct1(cx)) {
		retval = -ENOMEM;
		goto err;
	}

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("base addr: 0x%08x\n", cx->base_addr);

	/* PCI Device Setup */
	retval = cx18_setup_pci(cx, pci_dev, pci_id);
	if (retval != 0)
		goto free_workqueue;

	/* save cx in the pci struct for later use */
	pci_set_drvdata(pci_dev, cx);

	/* map io memory */
	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("attempting ioremap at 0x%08x len 0x%08x\n",
		   cx->base_addr + CX18_MEM_OFFSET, CX18_MEM_SIZE);
	cx->enc_mem = ioremap_nocache(cx->base_addr + CX18_MEM_OFFSET,
				       CX18_MEM_SIZE);
	if (!cx->enc_mem) {
		CX18_ERR("ioremap failed, perhaps increasing __VMALLOC_RESERVE in page.h\n");
		CX18_ERR("or disabling CONFIG_HIGHMEM4G into the kernel would help\n");
		retval = -ENOMEM;
		goto free_mem;
	}
	cx->reg_mem = cx->enc_mem + CX18_REG_OFFSET;
	devtype = cx18_read_reg(cx, 0xC72028);
	switch (devtype & 0xff000000) {
	case 0xff000000:
		CX18_INFO("cx23418 revision %08x (A)\n", devtype);
		break;
	case 0x01000000:
		CX18_INFO("cx23418 revision %08x (B)\n", devtype);
		break;
	default:
		CX18_INFO("cx23418 revision %08x (Unknown)\n", devtype);
		break;
	}

	cx18_init_power(cx, 1);
	cx18_init_memory(cx);

	cx->scb = (struct cx18_scb __iomem *)(cx->enc_mem + SCB_OFFSET);
	cx18_init_scb(cx);

	cx18_gpio_init(cx);

	/* active i2c  */
	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("activating i2c...\n");
	retval = init_cx18_i2c(cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Could not initialize i2c\n");
		goto free_map;
	}

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Active card count: %d.\n", cx18_cards_active);

	if (cx->card->hw_all & CX18_HW_TVEEPROM) {
		/* Based on the model number the cardtype may be changed.
		   The PCI IDs are not always reliable. */
		cx18_process_eeprom(cx);
	}
	if (cx->card->comment)
		CX18_INFO("%s", cx->card->comment);
	if (cx->card->v4l2_capabilities == 0) {
		retval = -ENODEV;
		goto free_i2c;
	}
	cx18_init_memory(cx);
	cx18_init_scb(cx);

	/* Register IRQ */
	retval = request_irq(cx->pci_dev->irq, cx18_irq_handler,
			     IRQF_SHARED | IRQF_DISABLED, cx->name, (void *)cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Failed to register irq %d\n", retval);
		goto free_i2c;
	}

	if (cx->std == 0)
		cx->std = V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;

	if (cx->options.tuner == -1) {
		for (i = 0; i < CX18_CARD_MAX_TUNERS; i++) {
			if ((cx->std & cx->card->tuners[i].std) == 0)
				continue;
			cx->options.tuner = cx->card->tuners[i].tuner;
			break;
		}
	}
	/* if no tuner was found, then pick the first tuner in the card list */
	if (cx->options.tuner == -1 && cx->card->tuners[0].std) {
		cx->std = cx->card->tuners[0].std;
		if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_PAL)
			cx->std = V4L2_STD_PAL_BG | V4L2_STD_PAL_H;
		else if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_NTSC)
			cx->std = V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
		else if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_SECAM)
			cx->std = V4L2_STD_SECAM_L;
		cx->options.tuner = cx->card->tuners[0].tuner;
	}
	if (cx->options.radio == -1)
		cx->options.radio = (cx->card->radio_input.audio_type != 0);

	/* The card is now fully identified, continue with card-specific
	   initialization. */
	cx18_init_struct2(cx);

	cx18_load_and_init_modules(cx);

	if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_525_60) {
		cx->is_60hz = 1;
		cx->is_out_60hz = 1;
	} else {
		cx->is_50hz = 1;
		cx->is_out_50hz = 1;
	}
	cx->params.video_gop_size = cx->is_60hz ? 15 : 12;

	/*
	 * FIXME: setting the buffer size based on the tuner standard is
	 * suboptimal, as the CVBS and SVideo inputs could use a different std
	 * and the buffer could end up being too small in that case.
	 */
	vbi_buf_size = cx->vbi.raw_size * (cx->is_60hz ? 24 : 36) / 2;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] = vbi_buf_size;

	if (cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] < 0)
		cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] =
		   cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] * 1024 * 1024
		   / vbi_buf_size;
	else
		cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] =
		     cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] * vbi_buf_size
		     / (1024 * 1024);

	if (cx->options.radio > 0)
		cx->v4l2_cap |= V4L2_CAP_RADIO;

	if (cx->options.tuner > -1) {
		struct tuner_setup setup;

		setup.addr = ADDR_UNSET;
		setup.type = cx->options.tuner;
		setup.mode_mask = T_ANALOG_TV;  /* matches TV tuners */
		setup.tuner_callback = (setup.type == TUNER_XC2028) ?
			cx18_reset_tuner_gpio : NULL;
		cx18_call_i2c_clients(cx, TUNER_SET_TYPE_ADDR, &setup);
		if (setup.type == TUNER_XC2028) {
			static struct xc2028_ctrl ctrl = {
				.fname = XC2028_DEFAULT_FIRMWARE,
				.max_len = 64,
			};
			struct v4l2_priv_tun_config cfg = {
				.tuner = cx->options.tuner,
				.priv = &ctrl,
			};
			cx18_call_i2c_clients(cx, TUNER_SET_CONFIG, &cfg);
		}
	}

	/* The tuner is fixed to the standard. The other inputs (e.g. S-Video)
	   are not. */
	cx->tuner_std = cx->std;

	retval = cx18_streams_setup(cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Error %d setting up streams\n", retval);
		goto free_irq;
	}
	retval = cx18_streams_register(cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Error %d registering devices\n", retval);
		goto free_streams;
	}

	CX18_INFO("Initialized card #%d: %s\n", cx->num, cx->card_name);

	return 0;

free_streams:
	cx18_streams_cleanup(cx, 1);
free_irq:
	free_irq(cx->pci_dev->irq, (void *)cx);
free_i2c:
	exit_cx18_i2c(cx);
free_map:
	cx18_iounmap(cx);
free_mem:
	release_mem_region(cx->base_addr, CX18_MEM_SIZE);
free_workqueue:
	destroy_workqueue(cx->work_queue);
err:
	if (retval == 0)
		retval = -ENODEV;
	CX18_ERR("Error %d on initialization\n", retval);

	i = cx->num;
	spin_lock(&cx18_cards_lock);
	kfree(cx18_cards[i]);
	cx18_cards[i] = NULL;
	spin_unlock(&cx18_cards_lock);
	return retval;
}

int cx18_init_on_first_open(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int video_input;
	int fw_retry_count = 3;
	struct v4l2_frequency vf;
	struct cx18_open_id fh;

	fh.cx = cx;

	if (test_bit(CX18_F_I_FAILED, &cx->i_flags))
		return -ENXIO;

	if (test_and_set_bit(CX18_F_I_INITED, &cx->i_flags))
		return 0;

	while (--fw_retry_count > 0) {
		/* load firmware */
		if (cx18_firmware_init(cx) == 0)
			break;
		if (fw_retry_count > 1)
			CX18_WARN("Retry loading firmware\n");
	}

	if (fw_retry_count == 0) {
		set_bit(CX18_F_I_FAILED, &cx->i_flags);
		return -ENXIO;
	}
	set_bit(CX18_F_I_LOADED_FW, &cx->i_flags);

	/*
	 * Init the firmware twice to work around a silicon bug
	 * with the digital TS.
	 *
	 * The second firmware load requires us to normalize the APU state,
	 * or the audio for the first analog capture will be badly incorrect.
	 *
	 * I can't seem to call APU_RESETAI and have it succeed without the
	 * APU capturing audio, so we start and stop it here to do the reset
	 */

	/* MPEG Encoding, 224 kbps, MPEG Layer II, 48 ksps */
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_START, 2, CX18_APU_ENCODING_METHOD_MPEG|0xb9, 0);
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_RESETAI, 0);
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_STOP, 1, CX18_APU_ENCODING_METHOD_MPEG);

	fw_retry_count = 3;
	while (--fw_retry_count > 0) {
		/* load firmware */
		if (cx18_firmware_init(cx) == 0)
			break;
		if (fw_retry_count > 1)
			CX18_WARN("Retry loading firmware\n");
	}

	if (fw_retry_count == 0) {
		set_bit(CX18_F_I_FAILED, &cx->i_flags);
		return -ENXIO;
	}

	vf.tuner = 0;
	vf.type = V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV;
	vf.frequency = 6400; /* the tuner 'baseline' frequency */

	/* Set initial frequency. For PAL/SECAM broadcasts no
	   'default' channel exists AFAIK. */
	if (cx->std == V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP)
		vf.frequency = 1460;	/* ch. 1 91250*16/1000 */
	else if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_NTSC_M)
		vf.frequency = 1076;	/* ch. 4 67250*16/1000 */

	video_input = cx->active_input;
	cx->active_input++;	/* Force update of input */
	cx18_s_input(NULL, &fh, video_input);

	/* Let the VIDIOC_S_STD ioctl do all the work, keeps the code
	   in one place. */
	cx->std++;		/* Force full standard initialization */
	cx18_s_std(NULL, &fh, &cx->tuner_std);
	cx18_s_frequency(NULL, &fh, &vf);
	return 0;
}

static void cx18_cancel_epu_work_orders(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_MAX_EPU_WORK_ORDERS; i++)
		cancel_work_sync(&cx->epu_work_order[i].work);
}

static void cx18_remove(struct pci_dev *pci_dev)
{
	struct cx18 *cx = pci_get_drvdata(pci_dev);

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Removing Card #%d\n", cx->num);

	/* Stop all captures */
	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Stopping all streams\n");
	if (atomic_read(&cx->tot_capturing) > 0)
		cx18_stop_all_captures(cx);

	/* Interrupts */
	cx18_sw1_irq_disable(cx, IRQ_CPU_TO_EPU | IRQ_APU_TO_EPU);
	cx18_sw2_irq_disable(cx, IRQ_CPU_TO_EPU_ACK | IRQ_APU_TO_EPU_ACK);

	cx18_halt_firmware(cx);

	cx18_cancel_epu_work_orders(cx);

	destroy_workqueue(cx->work_queue);

	cx18_streams_cleanup(cx, 1);

	exit_cx18_i2c(cx);

	free_irq(cx->pci_dev->irq, (void *)cx);

	cx18_iounmap(cx);

	release_mem_region(cx->base_addr, CX18_MEM_SIZE);

	pci_disable_device(cx->pci_dev);

	CX18_INFO("Removed %s, card #%d\n", cx->card_name, cx->num);
}

/* define a pci_driver for card detection */
static struct pci_driver cx18_pci_driver = {
      .name =     "cx18",
      .id_table = cx18_pci_tbl,
      .probe =    cx18_probe,
      .remove =   cx18_remove,
};

static int module_start(void)
{
	printk(KERN_INFO "cx18:  Start initialization, version %s\n", CX18_VERSION);

	memset(cx18_cards, 0, sizeof(cx18_cards));

	/* Validate parameters */
	if (cx18_first_minor < 0 || cx18_first_minor >= CX18_MAX_CARDS) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18:  Exiting, cx18_first_minor must be between 0 and %d\n",
		     CX18_MAX_CARDS - 1);
		return -1;
	}

	if (cx18_debug < 0 || cx18_debug > 511) {
		cx18_debug = 0;
		printk(KERN_INFO "cx18:   Debug value must be >= 0 and <= 511!\n");
	}

	if (pci_register_driver(&cx18_pci_driver)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18:   Error detecting PCI card\n");
		return -ENODEV;
	}
	printk(KERN_INFO "cx18:  End initialization\n");
	return 0;
}

static void module_cleanup(void)
{
	int i;

	pci_unregister_driver(&cx18_pci_driver);

	for (i = 0; i < cx18_cards_active; i++) {
		if (cx18_cards[i] == NULL)
			continue;
		kfree(cx18_cards[i]);
	}

}

module_init(module_start);
module_exit(module_cleanup);