gpio: sysfs interface

This adds a simple sysfs interface for GPIOs.

    /sys/class/gpio
    	/export ... asks the kernel to export a GPIO to userspace
    	/unexport ... to return a GPIO to the kernel
        /gpioN ... for each exported GPIO #N
	    /value ... always readable, writes fail for input GPIOs
	    /direction ... r/w as: in, out (default low); write high, low
	/gpiochipN ... for each gpiochip; #N is its first GPIO
	    /base ... (r/o) same as N
	    /label ... (r/o) descriptive, not necessarily unique
	    /ngpio ... (r/o) number of GPIOs; numbered N .. N+(ngpio - 1)

GPIOs claimed by kernel code may be exported by its owner using a new
gpio_export() call, which should be most useful for driver debugging.
Such exports may optionally be done without a "direction" attribute.

Userspace may ask to take over a GPIO by writing to a sysfs control file,
helping to cope with incomplete board support or other "one-off"
requirements that don't merit full kernel support:

  echo 23 > /sys/class/gpio/export
	... will gpio_request(23, "sysfs") and gpio_export(23);
	use /sys/class/gpio/gpio-23/direction to (re)configure it,
	when that GPIO can be used as both input and output.
  echo 23 > /sys/class/gpio/unexport
	... will gpio_free(23), when it was exported as above

The extra D-space footprint is a few hundred bytes, except for the sysfs
resources associated with each exported GPIO.  The additional I-space
footprint is about two thirds of the current size of gpiolib (!).  Since
no /dev node creation is involved, no "udev" support is needed.

Related changes:

  * This adds a device pointer to "struct gpio_chip".  When GPIO
    providers initialize that, sysfs gpio class devices become children of
    that device instead of being "virtual" devices.

  * The (few) gpio_chip providers which have such a device node have
    been updated.

  * Some gpio_chip drivers also needed to update their module "owner"
    field ...  for which missing kerneldoc was added.

  * Some gpio_chips don't support input GPIOs.  Those GPIOs are now
    flagged appropriately when the chip is registered.

Based on previous patches, and discussion both on and off LKML.

A Documentation/ABI/testing/sysfs-gpio update is ready to submit once this
merges to mainline.

[akpm@linux-foundation.org: a few maintenance build fixes]
Signed-off-by: David Brownell <dbrownell@users.sourceforge.net>
Cc: Guennadi Liakhovetski <g.liakhovetski@pengutronix.de>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

2 files changed, 44 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/include/asm-generic/gpio.h b/include/asm-generic/gpio.h
index 6be061d09da..1beff5166e5 100644
--- a/include/asm-generic/gpio.h
+++ b/include/asm-generic/gpio.h
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ struct module;
 /**
  * struct gpio_chip - abstract a GPIO controller
  * @label: for diagnostics
+ * @dev: optional device providing the GPIOs
+ * @owner: helps prevent removal of modules exporting active GPIOs
  * @direction_input: configures signal "offset" as input, or returns error
  * @get: returns value for signal "offset"; for output signals this
  *	returns either the value actually sensed, or zero
@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ struct module;
  */
 struct gpio_chip {
 	char			*label;
+	struct device		*dev;
 	struct module		*owner;
 
 	int			(*direction_input)(struct gpio_chip *chip,
@@ -74,6 +77,7 @@ struct gpio_chip {
 	int			base;
 	u16			ngpio;
 	unsigned		can_sleep:1;
+	unsigned		exported:1;
 };
 
 extern const char *gpiochip_is_requested(struct gpio_chip *chip,
@@ -108,7 +112,18 @@ extern void __gpio_set_value(unsigned gpio, int value);
 extern int __gpio_cansleep(unsigned gpio);
 
 
-#else
+#ifdef CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS
+
+/*
+ * A sysfs interface can be exported by individual drivers if they want,
+ * but more typically is configured entirely from userspace.
+ */
+extern int gpio_export(unsigned gpio, bool direction_may_change);
+extern void gpio_unexport(unsigned gpio);
+
+#endif	/* CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS */
+
+#else	/* !CONFIG_HAVE_GPIO_LIB */
 
 static inline int gpio_is_valid(int number)
 {
@@ -137,6 +152,20 @@ static inline void gpio_set_value_cansleep(unsigned gpio, int value)
 	gpio_set_value(gpio, value);
 }
 
-#endif
+#endif /* !CONFIG_HAVE_GPIO_LIB */
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS
+
+/* sysfs support is only available with gpiolib, where it's optional */
+
+static inline int gpio_export(unsigned gpio, bool direction_may_change)
+{
+	return -ENOSYS;
+}
+
+static inline void gpio_unexport(unsigned gpio)
+{
+}
+#endif	/* CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS */
 
 #endif /* _ASM_GENERIC_GPIO_H */
diff --git a/include/linux/gpio.h b/include/linux/gpio.h
index 98be6c5762b..730a20b8357 100644
--- a/include/linux/gpio.h
+++ b/include/linux/gpio.h
@@ -79,6 +79,19 @@ static inline void gpio_set_value_cansleep(unsigned gpio, int value)
 	WARN_ON(1);
 }
 
+static inline int gpio_export(unsigned gpio, bool direction_may_change)
+{
+	/* GPIO can never have been requested or set as {in,out}put */
+	WARN_ON(1);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static inline void gpio_unexport(unsigned gpio)
+{
+	/* GPIO can never have been exported */
+	WARN_ON(1);
+}
+
 static inline int gpio_to_irq(unsigned gpio)
 {
 	/* GPIO can never have been requested or set as input */